Question

an atom X has 3 electrons more than the noble gas configuration. what type of ion will it form? write the formula of its sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, hydroxide?

Answer 1

Hey There! ☺

Good Question & I'll try my best to show justice to it. ♥

First of all, let's see what type of ion X will form.

As mentioned in question, it has 3 electrons more than the noble gas configuration.

No matter how many electrons it has, it'll have to loose these 3 extra electrons to attain noble gas configuration & be stable.

So, it'll form a cation (positive ion) as it is to loose 3 negative ions (electrons).

So, it's valency = 3.

Now, let's move on to the second part of the question.

To formulate the chemical formulae of the compounds, we need to know the valencies of each element that combines to form them.

We already found that X has a valency of 3.

Now, here is the list with the other valencies required to formulate the chemical formulae :

♦ Valency of Sulphate (SO₄) = 2
♦ Valency of Nitrate (NO₃) = 1
♦ Valency of Phosphate (PO₄) = 3
♦ Valency of Carbonate (CO₃) = 2
♦ Valency of Hydroxide (OH) = 1

Now, let's formulate the required formulae by crossing valencies that of X (3) with the valency of the other component of the compounds.

X Sulphate

On crossing their valencies, that is, sub-scripting valency of Sulphate below X and valency of X below Sulphate, we get the formula of X Sulphate as :

♦ X₂(SO₄)₃

X Nitrate

Just as we did above, on crossing the valencies, we get its formula as :

♦ X(NO₃)₃

X Phosphate

On crossing valencies, we get the formula as X₃(PO₄)₃ which on simplification (canceling 3 below both) becomes :

♦ XPO₄

X Carbonate

On crossing the valencies like we did before, we get its formula as :

♦ X₂(CO₃)₃

X Hydroxide

Just as we did in all the above ones, just cross the valencies to get the formula as :

♦ X(OH)₃

Note : Do the same process even if it is asked to formulate chemical formulae of other compounds.
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Hope my answer helped you... ☺☻☺

Answer 2

It will form an electropositive ion sine it has three electron in its outer most shell. And therefore it has valency 3+ .

Its sulphate will be X2(SO4)3

its nitrate will be X(NO3)3

It's hydroxide will be X(OH)3

It's phosphate will be X(PO)4

Its carbonate will be X2(CO3)3