Question

An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. ... The SI unit of electric current is the ampere, or amp, which is the flow of electric charge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second.

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Answer 1

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Answer 2

Electric current is the net rate of flow of charges in a given area.

Electric current

• Electric current (I) is the measure of the rate of flow of electric charge through a fixed volume.
• It is measured in terms of Ampere. Ampere is a fundamental unit in the SI unit.
• The formula for electric current is:

                                      I = $\frac{Q}{t}$

where Q is the charge of the particle

    and t is the time

• If we consider 1 Coulomb(C) of charge passes through 1 m² of area for 1 second, the current will be expressed as:

                                     I = $\frac{1C}{1s}$

                                ⇒ I = 1 Cs⁻¹

                                ⇒ 1 Ampere

• Thus "1 ampere is the current that passes through a fixed area when 1 coulomb of charge passes for 1 second."
• According to Ohm's Law, current can also be expressed as:

                                   I = $\frac{V}{R}$

where V is the potential difference of the conductor

    and R is the resistance of the conductor.

Thus, electric current is an important quantity that measures the rate of flow of charge through a conductor.