An electrical materials used in wiring installation inside and outside the buildings
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Romex Cables
Romex (shown in yellow above) is the trade name for a type of electrical conductor with non-metallic sheathing that is commonly used as residential branch wiring. In fact, Romex will be the most common cable you'll use in wiring a house. The following are a few basic facts about Romex wiring:
Romex ™ is a common type of residential wiring that is categorized by the National Electrical Code (NEC) as underground feeder (UF) or non-metallic sheathed cable (NM and NMC).
NM and NMC conductors are composed of two or more insulated conductors contained in a non-metallic sheath. The coating on NMC cable is non-conducting, flame-resistant and moisture-resistant. Unlike other cables commonly found in homes, they are permitted in damp environments, such as basements.
Underground feeder conductors appear similar to NM and NMC cables except that UF cables contain a solid plastic core and cannot be “rolled” between fingers.
The following NEC regulations apply to Romex conductors:They must be protected, secured and clamped to device boxes, junction boxes and fixtures.
Support devices that may damage the cables, such as bent nails and overdriven staples, are not permitted.
NM and NMC cables should be secured at intervals that do not exceed 4½ feet, and they should be secured within 12 inches of junction boxes and panels to which they are attached. Cables that do not comply with this rule can sag and are vulnerable to damage.
They are intended as permanent wiring in homes and should not be used as a substitute for appliance wiring or extension cords.
Romex is used for most lighting and outlet circuits in your home. Romex will be labeled with "12-2" or "12-3". The first number indicates the gauge of the wire. You choices are typically 10, 12, or 14 gauge. The second number indicates the number of conductors. A 12-2 Romex will have a black(hot) and a white(neutral) wire as well as an unsheathed copper wire for ground. A 12-3 Romex will have a black(hot), red(hot), white(neutral), and bare copper. The red on a 12-3 is used for three-way light switches which are covered later
12 gauge Romex is rated for 20 Amps and is commonly yellow jacketed. 14 gauge Romex is still used in some applications and is rated for 15 Amps and is grey jacketed. 10 gauge Romex has an orange jacket and is used for water heaters or clothes driers. For our cabin, we used 12 gauge Romex for all of the outlets and lighting circuits. This is very common now-a-days rather than running 14 gauge. In addition to Romex, wiring a house also requires a few larger gauge wires for high power appliances. Your air conditioner or electric stove would fall into this category. The table below list some common wire types and rated amperage for wiring a house.
Wire Gauge or TypeRated AmperageCommon Uses14-2 Romex15 ALighting Circuits12-2 Romex20 ALighting and Outlet Circuits, refrigerator10-2 Romex30 AElectric water heater, baseboard heaters10-3 Romex30 AElectric Clothes Dryer6/3 Cu Range Cable50 ARange, Heatpump, On-Demand Electric Water heater2 Gauge Copper100 ACentral Electric HeatAL 1/0 SER100 AAluminum 1/0-1/0-1/0-2 Service Feeder wire for 100 A breake panelAL 4/0 SER200 AAluminum 4/0-4/0-4/0-2/0 Service feeder wire for 200A breaker panel
Romex (shown in yellow above) is the trade name for a type of electrical conductor with non-metallic sheathing that is commonly used as residential branch wiring. In fact, Romex will be the most common cable you'll use in wiring a house. The following are a few basic facts about Romex wiring:
Romex ™ is a common type of residential wiring that is categorized by the National Electrical Code (NEC) as underground feeder (UF) or non-metallic sheathed cable (NM and NMC).
NM and NMC conductors are composed of two or more insulated conductors contained in a non-metallic sheath. The coating on NMC cable is non-conducting, flame-resistant and moisture-resistant. Unlike other cables commonly found in homes, they are permitted in damp environments, such as basements.
Underground feeder conductors appear similar to NM and NMC cables except that UF cables contain a solid plastic core and cannot be “rolled” between fingers.
The following NEC regulations apply to Romex conductors:They must be protected, secured and clamped to device boxes, junction boxes and fixtures.
Support devices that may damage the cables, such as bent nails and overdriven staples, are not permitted.
NM and NMC cables should be secured at intervals that do not exceed 4½ feet, and they should be secured within 12 inches of junction boxes and panels to which they are attached. Cables that do not comply with this rule can sag and are vulnerable to damage.
They are intended as permanent wiring in homes and should not be used as a substitute for appliance wiring or extension cords.
Romex is used for most lighting and outlet circuits in your home. Romex will be labeled with "12-2" or "12-3". The first number indicates the gauge of the wire. You choices are typically 10, 12, or 14 gauge. The second number indicates the number of conductors. A 12-2 Romex will have a black(hot) and a white(neutral) wire as well as an unsheathed copper wire for ground. A 12-3 Romex will have a black(hot), red(hot), white(neutral), and bare copper. The red on a 12-3 is used for three-way light switches which are covered later
12 gauge Romex is rated for 20 Amps and is commonly yellow jacketed. 14 gauge Romex is still used in some applications and is rated for 15 Amps and is grey jacketed. 10 gauge Romex has an orange jacket and is used for water heaters or clothes driers. For our cabin, we used 12 gauge Romex for all of the outlets and lighting circuits. This is very common now-a-days rather than running 14 gauge. In addition to Romex, wiring a house also requires a few larger gauge wires for high power appliances. Your air conditioner or electric stove would fall into this category. The table below list some common wire types and rated amperage for wiring a house.
Wire Gauge or TypeRated AmperageCommon Uses14-2 Romex15 ALighting Circuits12-2 Romex20 ALighting and Outlet Circuits, refrigerator10-2 Romex30 AElectric water heater, baseboard heaters10-3 Romex30 AElectric Clothes Dryer6/3 Cu Range Cable50 ARange, Heatpump, On-Demand Electric Water heater2 Gauge Copper100 ACentral Electric HeatAL 1/0 SER100 AAluminum 1/0-1/0-1/0-2 Service Feeder wire for 100 A breake panelAL 4/0 SER200 AAluminum 4/0-4/0-4/0-2/0 Service feeder wire for 200A breaker panel
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