Question

An electron (charge=-e) circulates around a helium nucleus (charge=+2e) in a helium atom. Which particle exerts the larger force on the other? Originally Answered: An electron (charge=-e) circulates around a helium nucleus (charge=+2e) in a helium atom. Which particle exerts the larger force on the other? An electron (charge=-e) circulates around a helium nucleus (charge=+2e) in a helium atom. No, this turns out not to be the case. Niels Bohr proposed this planetary model early in the development of Quantum Mechanics (QM), in order to explain the hydrogen emission spectrum. However, it was immediately pointed out that an electron in such a small circular orbit would immediately radiate away all of its orbital energy and fall into the nucleus. It then turned out that an electron cannot have its position and momentum defined accurately enough to define such an orbit. We now describe electrons in atoms as occupying orbitals, that is probability distributions for where they might be encountered. In small atoms, like hydrogen and helium, the most likely point for finding an electron in its lowest energy state is at the center of the nucleus, but the probability distribution extends far beyond the nucleus, because the electron is many times less massive than the nucleus, and has a many times longer wavelength. Which particle exerts the larger force on the other? Ah, now you have fallen afoul of Isaac Newton. The forces are equal and opposite, in accordance with Newton’s Third Law. In the same way, the gravitational force between your body and the Earth is the same in both directions. The atomic force between a neutron and a proton in an atomic nucleus is the same both ways. And so on for every other pair of objects. If we had two objects with unequal forces between them, we could use them to build a Perpetual Motion Machine. 158 Views · An apple of 200 g circulates around the Earth of around 5.9 E24 kg (as a satelite). Which of them exerts a larger force on the other? In your question, the module of the force exerted by both particles one on the other is K(2e^2/r^2), while in mine, G(mM/r^2). So the forces are equal. Odd, isn't it? Well, not quite, according to Newton ;) 456 Views · An apple falls from a tree. There is a force of attraction between the apple and the earth. Which body exerts a greater force on the other - the apple or the earth? The answer is that the force exerted by the apple on the earth is exactly the same as the force exerted by the earth on the apple. Then why is it that the apple falls down to the earth and the earth does not “fall up” to the apple? This can be explained by the relative masses of the bodies. Acceleration is force divided by mass. The mass is of the earth is so much bigger compared to the mass of the of the apple that though the forces on the apple and the earth are the same the acceleration of the apple is around 9.8 m/s2 while that of the earth is so minuscule that it can be considered as zero. The principle is the same with the coulomb forces between charged particles. Both the electron as well as nucleus exert an equal force on each other. Since the mass of the electron is much smaller that that of the nucleus we see it orbiting round the nucleus. The nucleus also moves a bit but it much lesser than the movement of the electron.

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