Question

An element M is in group 13 of the periodic table.
What is the formula of its oxide?

Answer 1

Explanation: As the element M belongs to group 13th of the periodic table so it has 3 valence electrons, i.e., it can have +3 oxidation state while oxygen atom (with 2 valency) has −2 oxidation state. So the formula for the corresponding oxide is M2O3.

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Answer 2

Answer:    M₂O₃ or M₂O

Explanation:

Previous Knowledge:

Since Group 13 constitutes all Boron family members, they have an oxidation state of +3 and +1.

But, as we go down the group of the Boron family, the tendency to form a +1 ion or +1 oxidation state increases. This is due to the inert pair effect.

Inert Pair Effect: The effect explains the reluctance of s-electrons in the valence shell to participate in the bonding. Thus their stability of forming higher oxidation state decreases. This happens mainly in the 13th and 14th groups of the periodic table.

Question: An element M is in group 13 of the periodic table.

What is the formula of its oxide?

Solution:

We know, group 13 members can have an oxidation state of +3 and +1.

Thus, it can form oxides having the formula, M₂O₃ or M₂O

If the element M is present at the bottom positions of Group 13 then the oxide M₂O would be more stable.

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