An encyclopedia entry: The Taj Mahal
1 The Taj Mahal (pronounced /tɑːdʒ m'hɑːl/) is a famous mausoleum next to the river Yamuna in the
Indian city of Agra. A mausoleum is a building where people bury the dead. The name Taj Mahal
means ‘the crown of palaces’.
Architecture
5 The most famous part of the Taj Mahal is the large white dome in the centre. It is 35 metres high
and is surrounded by four smaller domes. The rooms inside the building are decorated with
beautiful archways and precious stones in the walls. The buildings are surrounded by gardens
with pathways, pools, fountains and green gardens.
Construction
10 The construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and finished in 1653. It was built with materials
from all over India and Asia, but the main material is white marble. Historians believe that the
materials were transported by over 1,000 elephants for the construction.
History
The emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal as a burial place for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
15 According to legend, he wanted to build another Taj Mahal in black on the other side of the river,
but this never happened. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, many parts of the Taj Mahal were
damaged by British soldiers, who took some of the precious stones from its walls. Over the years,
the Taj Mahal has suffered from environmental damage, and there have been many government
attempts to conserve its beauty.
20 Tourism
The Taj Mahal is one of India’s most famous landmarks. There are millions of visitors to the
mausoleum every year. The Taj Mahal is almost always included in lists of famous buildings to
visit and is considered one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. It is also a UNESCO
World Heritage Site.
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acrhitecture, construction, history, 20 tourism
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