An essay on peaceful uses of Nuclear energy
with proper english....
Answers
Explanation:
Nuclear capability is a status symbol, though tremendously expensive. In fact it is both a fetish and a vampire-fetish for the nation which has developed it and vampire if it is put to destructive uses. That is why India’s nuclear experiment generated sharp criticism: some remarked that India, by frittering her meager resources on ambitious nuclear programmes, is following ruinous policy. The possible impact of this spectacular nuclear advance on the subcontinent and the rest of Asia is not discernable. Pakistan’s reaction clearly shows that she sees nothing but devilish design in India’s nuclear experiment. Pakistan stepped up her nuclear programme and used fair and foul means to achieve her goal. Pakistan is misrepresenting our aim. India’s hear is, however, in the right place in this respect, it is evident from the reiteration of her strong opposition to the military uses of nuclear power. It cuts along the misgivings developed by Pakistan; the constructive objective of the low yield blast leaves little scope for fear or suspicion, India does not want to aggravate the situation already created by the arms race between the super powers.
Nuclear energy can be put to numerous productive uses. Nuclear powered generators produce electricity. Nuclear energy, in the form of radioisotopes, can be used in medicine, agriculture and industry. It can help in the preservation of food and the production of high-yielding seeds. Recently vaccine for sheep has been developed with the help of nuclear energy.
In the days of energy crisis nuclear energy is a boon. Electricity can be produced even in those areas where there are no natural resources to generate electricity. The heat generated by controlled nuclear reaction can be used to boil water and the steam thus produced can be used to drive turbines for producing electricity. India has one nuclear power station 420 m.w. capacity operating at Tarapur. Two power stations of similar capacity, one at Rana Pratap Sagar in Rajasthan and another at Kalpakkam near Madras are operational. A fourth station at Narora in Uttar Pradesh, on the eastern bank of the Ganga is also operational. Atomic power, besides conserving fossil fuels such as oil and coal and reducing atmospheric pollution, has tremendous economic advantage over coal; because the problem of transport is obviated. The Tarapur station, for example needs only 22 tones of fuel each year whereas a coal-fired station of similar capacity would need 1200,000 tones coal annually. Besides Uranium as fuel, nuclear power stations need heavy water (deuterium oxide) as a moderator. The fast moving atomic particles have to be slowed down by allowing them to collide with heavy hydrogen (deuterium) atoms. Heavy water occurs in very small quantities in natural water and its artificial production is not only complicated but expensive also. The requirements, at present, are met by a plant with an annual capacity of 14 tones at Nangal in Punjab. The plant makes use of the throw away water from the Nangal Fertilizer. Three more plants are under construction at Kota in Rajasthan, Baroda in Gujarat and Tuticorin in Tamil Nadu. All of these, together, will produce around 240 tonnes of heavy water annually. A fifth plant at Talcher in Orissa is at the planning stage.
Radiation from radioactive substances like radium have for many years been used for the treatment of cancer. Cancerous cells are more sensitive to radiation than normal cells. The nuclear reactor has opened up vast new possibilities because numerous other elements can be made radioactive by `bombarding’ them in these reactors. Such substances can be of immense help in medicine, agriculture and industry. Radioisotopes are introduced into a system and their course is traced by means of radiation-detecting equipment. The use of radioactive isotopes has helped in diagnosis and the prevention of diseases, in the development of agricultural methods, for greater production making better fertilizers and efficient methods of insect and pest control, for detection of defects in machinery, better control of industrial processes and in oceanography. For example radioactive iodine (I-131) is the most widely used substance in medicine. The human thyroid gland in the neck selectively concentrates iodine from the blood for hormone synthesis. By using radioactive iodine the function of the thyroid gland can be accurately investigated. The method can also be employed for treating cancerous and other diseases of the gland. Cobalt-60 needles can also be implanted in body to treat cancer. A radiation alternated vaccine has immunised sheep from lungworm disease which used to take a huge toll of sheep. Moreover, young lambs treated with the vaccine have been found to yield more mutton and the wool.
Answer:
India uses nuclear energy for a variety of non-military purposes, including the production of electricity, medical treatment, agriculture, food preservation, industry, and research. With a total installed capacity of 5780 MWe and 21 nuclear power stations now in operation, the nation has enough nuclear power facilities in the planned and building stages.
At Trombay and Kalpakkam, research reactors are in operation for basic and applied research, radioisotope generation, material testing, and manpower training. These research and power reactors' radio-isotope output is utilized for nuclear medicine, cancer treatment, radiopharmaceutical manufacture, and radiation sterilization of medical products. Additionally, the radioactive processing of food items including spices, onions, potatoes, and mangoes is another usage for the radioactive isotopes in agriculture. The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) developed radiation technologies that have been applied to several industrial applications, including radiography, the detection of leaks in long natural gas pipelines, the tracking of petroleum pipelines, the assistance of port dredging operations, gamma ray densitometers, radiography cameras, and blood irradiators.
The use of nuclear energy is potentially harmful but with proper research and allocation of resources, it can be incredibly beneficial to the economic development of our country.
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