Question

An ice cube weighing 100 g and having volume V is taken out of the freezer at -100C and
placed in a glass beaker. The beaker is slowly heated till the temperature becomes 250C.
If we measure the temperature of the content of beaker and plot it with respect to time, how will graph appear?
At what stage, the temperature will become constant for some time although heating is continued? ​

Answer 1

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During the seventeenth and especially eighteenth centuries, driven both by a desire to understand nature and a quest to make balloons in which they could fly (Figure 1), a number of scientists established the relationships between the macroscopic physical properties of gases, that is, pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas. Although their measurements were not precise by today’s standards, they were able to determine the mathematical relationships between pairs of these variables (e.g., pressure and temperature, pressure and volume) that hold for an ideal gas—a hypothetical construct that real gases approximate under certain conditions. Eventually, these individual laws were combined into a single equation—the ideal gas law—that relates gas quantities for gases and is quite accurate for low pressures and moderate temperatures. We will consider the key developments in individual relationships (for pedagogical reasons not quite in historical order), then put them together in the ideal gas law.

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