Question

Analyse the Gandhian perspective on the nature of Indian State.i n 1000 words.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Sharma Archna

Mahatma Gandhi was the most important political figure of 20th Century. His principles inspired million of people all over World. In Gandhi's assessment the State (Western type) was the symbol of violence in a concentrated form. He learned from his experience in South Africa that excessive power with the State meant more violence or greater amount of coercion. In the name of maintenance of law and order, the South African white government acquired enormous power and this led to the ruthless administration, exploitation and end of individual's liberty. So his philosophy was „anti modernist" and opposed the idea of Modern State. Gandhi's critique of the Modern State was central to his political thinking. The case of Gandhiji theory of politics is to show that the citizen is the true political subject and not the State. Gandhi's book „Hind Swaraj" give us an idea of Gandhian vision of a modern Indian State. He believed that in the „Ideal State" there will be no political state therefore there will be no political Institution and political power. He said in his classical statement "That government is the best which governs least"

Answer 2

To understand the nature of state like India, we have to study at least 3 approaches i.e. liberal, Marxist and Gandhian.

Explanation:

• Gandhi was a non-violence activist or ahimsa who opposed all kinds of intimidation. He assumed the State was a form of coercion-based force and law. State is likely to enforce its own will on people through an extensive police force, criminal courts, jails, and military control machinery.
• This suppresses the personality of an individual as it tries to put all individuals into an even mold. His sense of self-reliance is lost and his personality stunted. It deprives him of his rights, and obstructs human society's advancement. Gandhi noted that modern state was more powerful than medieval & ancient states as it was more organised  more centralised in the hands of the few who won't hesitate to abuse it.
• According to Gandhiji, person is born with soul, but state is machine that is soulless. Acts of States are incapable of empathy to man. State adheres to rules and regulations. Those who impose those rules know no moral accountability  at all. Gandhi 's idea of state was premised upon the Indian moral values tradition and state ethical basis.
• He stressed that the decentralisation of power would impede the individual rights. Villages are real fundamental component of democracy. Thus, the decentralised governance structure begins at village level. Gandhi has advocated a self-regulated governance structure with collaboration as the Bottom line for community activities. He wasn't supporting state coercion.

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discuss the various approaches to study of the nature of Indian state ...

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