Analyze how the watershed development has affected the productivity of crops in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Haryana
Answers
Explanation:
The Department of Land Resources, Government of India had entrusted a
study to the Centre for Rural Studies, LBSNAA in 2010 to conduct analysis
and documentation of the evaluation reports of watershed development
programmes implemented during the year 1998-2002. The evaluation studies
were conducted by various agencies across different parts of the country in
coordination with NIRD, SIRD, etc.
The study involves secondary review and analysis of reports submitted by the
agencies. It also includes review of secondary literature that includes both
books and research reports. The study is based on cross comparison of
indicators to provide a general overview of the impact and effectiveness of
WDPs. We have compiled data and tried to systematically analyse the major
findings based on common attributable indicators. However, we have taken
into consideration the data that are feasible for a comparative study across
states.
One hundred and five districts from twelve states namely, Uttar Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Jammu & Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, Assam and
Nagaland were covered under the study. Sixty districts under IWDP, thirty
districts under DPAP and six districts under DDP were part of the study.
Another 9 districts in Karnataka were undertaken that includes DDP, DPAP
and IWDP projects. NIRD study covered 312 micro watersheds under IWDP,
160 micro watersheds in DPAP and 45 micro watersheds in DDP projects in 8
districts. Another 59 districts under IWDP, DPAP and DDP were covered in
Karnataka by NIRD. The studies by SIRDs and some ATIs covered 184 micro
watersheds under IWDP, 219 micro watersheds under DPAP and 19 under
DDP projects.
The organizations involved in the study are NIRD, SIRD, YASHADA, GIDR,
PSI, Dehradun; GEMS, Hyderabad; WASSAN, Secunderabad; Skill-Pro
Foundation and MIDS.
Major Findings
Quality of Water Harvesting Structures (WHS)
The quality of Water Harvesting Structures (WHS) in majority of micro
watersheds in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat seems to be either good or very good.
In states like Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, the quality is
reported to be either average or good. However, in Jammu & Kashmir, the
quality of WHS is reported not up to the mark.
Answer:
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1. Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans, programs and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities
2. To control damaging runoff and degradation and thereby conservation of soil and water. To manage and utilize the runoff water for useful purpose. To protect, conserve and improve the land of watershed for more efficient and sustained production.
3. Crop yields have improved, and villagers are now able to grow crops year-round. Villagers are also able to produce more fodder for livestock, and they purchased higher-yielding, crossbred cows that considerably improve livestock income.
4. What to do: Six core elements of an agricultural ... Successful agricultural transformations have focused on the ... Many tools and processes exist to achieve common .......
I guess this is going to help you