Ancient water harwesting system in madhya pradedh
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being crisscrossed by a complex network of rivers, vast stretches of India have neither river nor lake to depend on. Rainwater is the only copious and clean source of water, but its distribution is neither uniform nor assured in all parts. India receives about 400 million hectare metres (mham) of rain per year over an area of 329 mha. The rainfall ranges from as low as 100 mm in the Thar Desert to 15,000 mm in the North east.
The history of India tells us that floods, droughts or both were a perennial occurrence. If the overflow of rivers and streams in spate could be redirected and stored, the water could be used during drought. Even rainfall as low as 100 mm, if harvested properly, can meet the drinking water needs of the people.
India’s rich tradition of water harvesting systems
The practice of harvesting rainwater dates back to Vedic times when the need to create water sources that would remain both clean and provide plentifully was recognized.
Rivers were the obvious location of civilizations, and different civilizations utilized them in different ways. Early people cut channels, diverted rivers, and farmed their regions. Wells had been dug in the cities of the Indus – Sarasvati Valley by the third millennium B.C., while the “Great Bath” was probably a water storage tank. The Indus Valley cities had excellent systems of water harvesting and drainage. Dholavira, laid out on a slope between two storm water channels, is an example of sophisticated engineering.
The history of India tells us that floods, droughts or both were a perennial occurrence. If the overflow of rivers and streams in spate could be redirected and stored, the water could be used during drought. Even rainfall as low as 100 mm, if harvested properly, can meet the drinking water needs of the people.
India’s rich tradition of water harvesting systems
The practice of harvesting rainwater dates back to Vedic times when the need to create water sources that would remain both clean and provide plentifully was recognized.
Rivers were the obvious location of civilizations, and different civilizations utilized them in different ways. Early people cut channels, diverted rivers, and farmed their regions. Wells had been dug in the cities of the Indus – Sarasvati Valley by the third millennium B.C., while the “Great Bath” was probably a water storage tank. The Indus Valley cities had excellent systems of water harvesting and drainage. Dholavira, laid out on a slope between two storm water channels, is an example of sophisticated engineering.
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