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According to the Buddhist
Jain literature of the period, sixteen
mahajanapadas were in existence between
and
BCE​

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The Mahājanapadas (Sanskrit: महाजनपद, lit. 'great realm', from maha, "great", and janapada "foothold of a people") were sixteen kingdoms or oligarchic republics that existed in Northern ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE during the second urbanisation period.[2]

Mahājanapadas

c. 600 BCE–c. 345 BCE

Map of the 16 Mahājanapadas.[1]

CapitalVariousCommon languagesPrakrits and SanskritReligion

Vedic Hinduism

Śramaṇa (Buddhism and Jainism)GovernmentRepublics (Gaṇa sangha)

MonarchiesHistorical eraIron Age

• Established

c. 600 BCE

• Disestablished

c. 345 BCE

Preceded bySucceeded byVedic periodJanapadaKuru KingdomNanda Empire



Map depicting Kingdoms of Ancient India in 540 BCE

The 6th–5th centuries BCE is often regarded as a major turning point in early Indian history; during this period India's first large cities arose after the demise of the Indus Valley Civilization

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