Aniline, consists of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Combustion of this yields CO2, H20, and N2 as products. If the combustion of 12.5 g of aniline yields 7.1 grams of H2O, and 1.48 grams of N2, what is its empirical formula? [HINT: write out a chemical equation, consider law of conservation of mass, and then think about what percent hydrogen is in water].
Answers
Three classifications of chemical reactions will be reviewed in this section. Predicting the products in some of them may be difficult, but the reactions are still easy to recognize.
A composition reaction (sometimes also called a combination reaction or a synthesis reaction) produces a single substance from multiple reactants. A single substance as a product is the key characteristic of the composition reaction. There may be a coefficient other than one for the substance, but if the reaction has only a single substance as a product, it can be called a composition reaction. In the reaction
2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(ℓ)
water is produced from hydrogen and oxygen. Although there are two molecules of water being produced, there is only one substance—water—as a product. So this is a composition reaction.
A decomposition reaction starts from a single substance and produces more than one substance; that is, it decomposes. One substance as a reactant and more than one substance as the products is the key characteristic of a decomposition reaction. For example, in the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate (also known as sodium bicarbonate),
2 NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(ℓ)
sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water are produced from the single substance sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Composition and decomposition reactions are difficult to predict; however, they should be easy to recognize.
Example 9
Identify each equation as a composition reaction, a decomposition reaction, or neither.
Fe2O3 + 3 SO3 → Fe2(SO4)3
NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(NH4)2Cr2O7 → Cr2O3 + 4 H2O + N2
Solution
In this equation, two substances combine to make a single substance. This is a composition reaction.
Two different substances react to make two new substances. This does not fit the definition of either a composition reaction or a decomposition reaction, so it is neither. In fact, you may recognize this as a double-replacement reaction.
A single substance reacts to make multiple substances. This is a decomposition reaction.
plz merk me as brainliest