Answer all the questions..
Answers
(a) CH₃CH₂COOH is Propanoic acid.
C₆H₆ is Benzene.
(b) A series of carbon compounds in which same functional group substitutes the hydrogen atom is called a homologous series. These compounds have similar chemical properties due to the addition of same kind of functional group throughout the chain.
Formula of Ketone (=O)
Formula of Aldehyde (-CHO)
(c) When ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid, a sweet smelling ester is formed. The reation is called esterification reaction. The reaction is as follows:
CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O
OR
(i) (a)
- Ethanol can be converted to ethene in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid(H₂SO₄). It is called as dehydration reaction.
- Ethene can be converted to ethane by addition of hydrogen molecule.
C₂H₅OH (conc. H₂SO₄)→(Heat) C₂H₄ + H₂O
C₂H₄ + H₂ →(Ni catalyst) C₂H₆
(b) Ethanol is heated under reflux with an excess of a mixture of potassium dichromate solution and dilute sulphuric acid.
C₂H₅OH →(KMnO₄ or K₂Cr₂O₇) CH₃COOH
(ii) (a) Substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which one atom or a group of atoms takes the place of another atom. Saturated hydrocarbons are less reactive because they have their nobel gas attained, however they can react with chlorine in sunlight at a high speed.
CH 4 + Br 2 → CH 3Br + HBr
(b) Saponification is the name of the chemical reaction that produces soap. In the process, animal or vegetable fat is converted into soap (a fatty acid) and alcohol. The reaction requires a solution of an alkali (e.g., sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) in water and also heat.
CH₃COOC₂H₅ + NaOH → CH₃COONa + C₂H₅OH
(c) Combustion is a chemical process or a reaction between Fuel (Hydrocarbon) and Oxygen. When fuel and oxygen react it releases the heat and light energy. Heat and light energy then result in the flame. So, the formula for Combustion reaction is Hydrobcarbon + Oxygen = Heat energy.
CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
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