Question

Answer in detail :
(A) Explain the terms ‘analogous organs’ and ‘homologous organs’ with examples.
(B) In what way analogous organs give evidence for evolution ?

Gujarat Board Class X Science and Technology Chapter 16 - Heredity and Evolution

Answer 1

Analogous organs are organs of organisms which perform the same functions in their respective organisms but have a different structural design. Example - Wings of insects and birds have different structures but perform the same functions. They are analogous organs. Homologous organs are organs of organisms which perform different functions in their respective organisms but have the same structural design. Example - Forelimbs of humans, frog and birds perform different functions but have the same structure. They are homologous organs. Analogous organs of different organisms help to prove that those organisms have not evolved from common ancestors.