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Answer:
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Explanation:
Ans 1.Pearl Harbor attack, (December 7, 1941), surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu Island, Hawaii, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan.
Ans 2.The Beveridge Report aimed to provide a comprehensive system of social insurance 'from cradle to grave'. It proposed that all working people should pay a weekly contribution to the state. In return, benefits would be paid to the unemployed, the sick, the retired and the widowed.
Ans 3.The Bretton Woods Institutions are the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Ans 4.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an organization of 190 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.
Ans 5Effects of World War 2
Effects on major powers
Germany was totally defeated and the United Nations rose in power and finance.
Japan was in ruins due to the extensive bombing, especially at Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
England was devastated by war. England rapidly phased out most of its remaining imperial holdings in the years immediately following the war.
France also dismantled its colonies. England and France no longer held a status of power comparable either to the United States or the Soviet Union.
Effects on science and technology:
The capture of key technologies like the V2 and V3 rockets from Nazi Germany led to a direct race between the US and USSR to get out of the world in a hurry.
The development of the atomic bomb by European and American scientists during the war, not only transformed the nature of potential future wars, it marked the beginning of the nuclear power industry.
Organisations:
In October 1945, the United Nations was officially established with full support and leadership of the United States to maintain peace which was overthrown during the world war.
Major economic powers met to create an International Monetary Fund.
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