Question

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friends tomorrow is my final exam ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Tomorrow is my final exam

Answer 2

☞ The three essential features of the Indian Democracy are :

1. Democracy is a form of government in which rules are elected by the people on the principal of one person, one vote.

2. Democracy must be based on free and fair elections, where those who are currently on power have a fair chance in losing. Voters should have a choice of candidates.

3. In democracy, the final decision-making power must rest with those elected by the people.

☞

General elections

• Function to elect a national government

• Traditionally called by the PM at a time of his choosing (though Fixed-term Parliaments Act

2011 now sets 5-year intervals)

• National focus/campaign

• Usually 60%+ turnout

• Fought across a range of policies and issues (publication of party manifestos etc.)

• Reflects previous 5-year national picture (leadership of parties, policy successes/failures,

economic climate etc.)

• Three main parties dominate the results

• Taken seriously by parties and most of the public, as the next government will be formed

By-elections

• Function to elect a single MP

• Called after resignation/death/departure of the sitting MP e.g. Oldham 2011 after de-selection

of Phil Woolas

• Local focus — although national party leaders will often visit to give support and attention e.g.

Crewe and Nantwich 2008 (Cameron visited several times to ensure victory)

• Low turnout e.g. Manchester Central 2012 was 18%

• Fought across a narrower range of policies, sometimes one issue or a local topic e.g. Blaenau

Gwent 2006 was lost by Labour after a rebellion by local Labour activists against the party's

chosen candidate

• Typically reflect perceptions of the parties at a given moment in time — often act as a mini-

referendum on the governing party e.g. Lib Dem collapse in Barnsley in March 2011; Labour

collapse during Brown's premiership in Glasgow East 2008 (used by voters to 'send amessage' in support of, or more likely against, parties in Westminster)

• Often involve protest voting against major parties in support of minor parties e.g. Rotherham

2012 UKIP came 2nd, Lib Dems came 8th

• Sometimes taken to reflect broader political trends, and used by the media to predict possible

results at the next general election e.g. Crewe and Nantwich 2008

• Taken less seriously than a general election as only a single seat is at stake, but more likely to

have multiple candidates standing because of the media exposure.

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