Question

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Answer 1

1. Communalism is a term used in the world to denote attempts to construct religious or ethnic identity, incite strife between people identified as different communities, and to stimulate communal violence between those groups. It derives from history, differences in beliefs, and tensions between the communities.
2. Since poverty encourages the forces of communalism, all efforts should be taken for the economic development of the people. 2. Communalism is a psychological disorder or mental malady.3. Proper use of mass media both print and electronics, should be made to spread the message of religious tolerance, secularism, and common brotherhood.4. A ban should be imposed on all communal organisations and communal political parties.  
3. Naxalites are considered far-left communists, supportive of Maoism. Their origin can be traced to the split in 1967 of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) following the Naxalbari peasant uprising, leading to the formation of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) two years later. Initially, the movement had its epicentre in West Bengal. In later years, it spread to less developed areas of rural southern and eastern India, such as Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana through the activities of underground groups like the Communist Party of India (Maoist).[3] Some Naxalite groups have become legal organisations participating in parliamentary elections, such as the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation and the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Janashakti.

A Naxal or Naxalite (/ˈnʌksəlaɪt/) is a member of any political organisation that claims the legacy of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist), founded in Calcutta in 1969. ... The term Naxal derives from the name of the village Naxalbari in West Bengal, where the Naxalite peasant revolt took place in 1967.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

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a) Communalism is a situation when a particular community tries to promote its own interest at the cost of other communities. Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community.

b) •Non-lethal rubber bullets and water canons should be made available to the police.

•In order to spare innocent lives, policemen with guns must be trained as marksmen. Preventive arrests should be made mandatory.

•The intelligence machinery must be toned up, and competent and secular officers should be trained in intelligence gathering.

•Absence of codified guidelines paralyses the administration. Among all states, the West Bengal government has succeeded in damping major communal disgruntlement .

c) Using People's courts, similar to those established by Mao, Naxalites try opponents and execute with axes or knives, beat, or permanently exile them. At the time, the leaders of this revolt were members of the CPI (M), which joined a coalition government in West Bengal just a few months back.

d) A Naxal or Naxalite is a member of any political organisation that claims the legacy of the Communist Party of India, founded in Calcutta in 1969. The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is the largest existing political group in that lineage today in India.

Naxalites are a group of far-left radical communists, supportive of Maoist political sentiment and ideology. Their origin can be traced to the splitting in 1967 of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), leading to the formation of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist).

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