Question

Answer question numbers 17(a) - 7(c) on the basis of your understanding of the following paragraph and the related studied concepts. To separate acetone and water from their mixture following activity was performed along with the experimental setup shown in the diagram below. • Take the mixture in a distillation flask. Fit it with a thermometer. • Arrange the apparatus as shown in figure • Heat the mixture slowly keeping a close watch at the thermometer • The acetone vaporises, condenses in the condenser and can be collected from the condenser outlet. • Water is left behind in the distillation flask. (a) Name the Separation technique shown in the diagram (b) Why do the two components separate? (c) What is the function of the water condenser during the activity?

Answer 1

Explanation:

Air consists mainly of nitrogen and oxygen. Carbon dioxide and other gases are also present in trace amounts. To separate these different gases first we need to liquify the air. When the air is compressed and cooled down, at 0°C, water present in air freezes to ice. On further cooling, carbon dioxide separated as dry ice at about -78°C. on further cooling under pressure, air gets liquefied at -200°C. After this, through fractional distillation each gas can be separated on the basis of their boiling points. The gas having lower boiling point will be obtained first and the gas having highest boiling points will be obtained at last.