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(i) Which Rock is referred to in this extract? Where was the rock? How was it sometimes hidden?
The Inchcape rock is referred to in the extract. The rock lay hidden in the sea off the east coast of Scotland. It sometimes remained hidden under sea water during the high tide.
(ii) Give the meaning of surge’s swell. What is meant by the warning bell? How was the warning bell rung?
The words ‘surge’s swell’ mean the sea-waves moved up and down and rose high due to the influence of tides. The warning bell refers to the bell placed on the Inchcape rock by the Abbot of Aberbrothok, to give a warning to the sailors about the danger from the rock. The warning bell was placed on a buoy and during high tides the movement of waves made the buoy to float and in turn rang the bell and warned the sailors.
(iv) Who is known as the Abbot? Explain why the mariners blessed the Abbot.
The Head monk of a monastery or church is known as an Abbot. The mariners blessed the Abbot Aberbrothok because he placed a bell on the Inchcape Rock, which gave a warning to the mariners about the perilous rock and thus, saved them and their ships from drowning.
Who was the Rover? What kind of a person was he?
Sir Ralph was a rover or a sea pirate. He was a wicked and jealous man.
(ii) What made the Rover sing? Give the meaning of:
His heart was mirthful to excess,
But the Rover’s mirth was wickedness.
The pleasant day in the spring season made the Rover sing. But the real reason was that in a such calm atmosphere he would be able to carry out his wicked plan of defaming the Abbot of Aberbrothok by cutting off the bell from the Inchcape Rock and thereby, loot the wealth from the shipwrecks.
The given lines mean that the Rover’s heart was extremely joyful but his joy was due to his wicked plan.
(v) Compare the character of the Abbot to that of the Rover.
The Abbot was a kind and compassionate man, who placed a warning bell on the Inchcape Rock to forewarn the sailors about the danger to their ships from the perilous rock. The Rover, on the other hand, was a jealous and wicked man, who cut off the warning bell on the Inchcape Rock to defame the Abbot and to loot the wealth from the shipwrecks.
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