Answer the following
1. How do archaeologists know that cloth was used in Harappan civilisation?
2. Write a short note on ‘Great Bath’ found in Mohenjodaro.
3. What are sealings ?
4. Explain about the architectural features of Dholavira.
5. How did travelling from place to place help the religious persons and
merchants in early times?
6. List three ways in which the lives of farmers and herders would have been
different from that of hunters and gatherers
7. Describe about the houses found by the archaeologists in Burzoham,
Kashmir.
8. How do we know that the Harappan civilisation came to an end?
9. How were metals, the wheel , and writings important for Harappans.
10. Why did people stay in the same place when they started growing crops?
Answers
Answer:
mohenjodaro's great was a place for royal men
Explanation:
it is also beloved that the king , a dulha , royal men came to bathe hear . it has 12steps down the pool
Answer:
1.Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro. Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience. These were used to spin thread.
2.The Great Bath is part of a large citadel complex that was found in the 1920s during excavations of Mohenjo-daro, one of the main centres of the Indus civilization. The bath is built of fine brickwork and measures 897 square feet (83 square metres). It is 8 feet (2.5 metres) lower than the surrounding pavement.
3.A seal is a small portable artefact mostly made of stone but also found in other materials, such as bone/ivory, metal, and various artificial pastes. It displays engraved motifs and is generally perforated so that it can be suspended.
4.Dholavira architecture was completely based on the use of stone in all the constructions. Large water reservoirs built for massive water storage. Inscriptions written in Harappan language gave vital information on the Indus Valley Civilization.
5.A merchant is a person who trades in commodities produced by other people. Historically, a merchant is anyone who is involved in business or trade. Merchants have operated for as long as industry, commerce, and trade have existed. In 16th-century Europe, two different terms for merchants emerged: meerseniers referred to local traders (such as bakers and grocers) and koopman (Dutch: koopman) referred to merchants who operated on a global stage, importing and exporting goods over vast distances and offering added-value services such as credit and finance.
6.The life of farmers and herders would have been different from that of hunter-gatherers in the following ways: (i) Farmers and herders lived in group. (ii) Farmers and herders lived settled life. (iii) Farmers and herders lived in huts made up of mud and wood.
7.Archaeologists have found traces of huts or houses at some sites. For instance, in Burzahom (in present-day Kashmir) people built pit-houses, which were dug into the ground, with steps leading into them.
8.Many scholars believe that the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization was caused by climate change. Some experts believe the drying of the Saraswati River, which began around 1900 BCE, was the main cause for climate change, while others conclude that a great flood struck the area.
9.Metals, writing, the wheel and the plough were important for the Harappans due to the following reasons: Metals – These were used for making tools, ornaments, vessels and weapons. Writing – It helped the Harappans to prepare scribes, which in turn helped in maintaining records and preparing the seals.
10.People who grow crops have to stay in the same place for a long time because they had to look after the crops. The plants had to be watered and had to be protected from birds and animals so that they could grow and the seeds would ripen.