Question

Answer the following:
1. Human beings can be categorised as
(!)
a) Heterotrophs
b)Autotrophs
c)Parasites
d)Saprotrophs

2. Stomach of humans mainly digest
a)Carbohydrate
b)Protein
c)Fat
d)Sucrose

3. Rearing of silk moth is known as

a)Sericulture
b)Apiculture
c)Horticulture
d)Floriculture

4. In which regions Angora goats are found?

5. What is the function of villi?

6. Which bacteria in the soil can convert atmospheric nitrogen into soluble compounds

7. What are stomata? Describe the structure and function of stomata

8. Explain selective breeding

9. What do you understand by sorter's disease? Mention the name of bacteria by which it is
caused.

10. Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs. (two points)

11. Draw a well labelled diagram of human digestive system. (any four parts).
Mention the functions of it. ​

Answer 1

Answer:

1)human being human beings can be categorised as heterotrophs

3) raring of silk is known as sericulture

2) stomach of human being mainly digest carbohydrate

10)Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food from the substances available in their surroundings using light (photosynthesis) or chemical energy (chemosynthesis).

Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms — both plants and animals — for nutrition.

Answer 2

1. Human beings can be categorized as-

a) Heterotrophs.

• This means that humans cannot produce their food on their own and thus, have to depend on other plants or animals for food and nutrition.

2. Stomach of humans mainly digests-

b) Protein.

• The food that we eat is digested and food protein is broken down into polypeptides.
• This is done by pepsin and hydrochloric acid.

3. Rearing of the silk moth is known as-

a)Sericulture.

• In this process, the silkworms are kept and monitored at an appropriate temperature and humidity.
• This enables one to collect silk threads from cocoons.

4. Angora goats are found in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

1. This breed of goat is known for its coat.

5. The villi are found in the small intestine.

• The primary function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients from the food ingested.
• The small intestine has villi in its wall, that absorb nutrients from chyme.

6. Rhizobium is a bacteria in the soil that converts atmospheric nitrogen into soluble compounds.

• It can collect nitrogen from the air, i.e., atmospheric nitrogen, and process it to a soluble form.

7. Stomata are cell structures that are found on the surface of leaves of plants that enable them to take in carbon dioxide and also help in dealing with water exchanges.

Stomata are microscopic openings in leaves that help in the intake of carbon dioxide and water.

• Sometimes these cells can also be found in the stems of plants.

These cells are generally surrounded by guard cells. The wall of these cells is rigid yet flexible.

8. Selective breeding is the process in which one chooses two parents that have the desired characteristics and qualities and breeds them which produces offspring with the desired qualities and characteristics.

• This process has been successfully done by humans with plants as well as animals.

9. Sorter's disease is a highly infectious and fatal disease that is often found in herbivores, for example, cows, goats, and so on.

• This disease leads to the enlargement of the spleen and inflammation of the throat.

This disease is caused by a bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. It can also be transferred to humans.

10. The differences between autotrophs and heterotrophs are-

• Autotrophs are living beings that can synthesize their food. For example, plants can synthesize their food through photosynthesis. Whereas, heterotrophs are living beings that cannot synthesize their food and have to depend on other sources to get their nutrition. For example, humans.
• Autotrophs cannot move from one place to another in search of food or shelter. On the other hand, heterotrophs can move from one place to another to look for food and shelter.

11. Functions of the human digestive system are-

• Absorption.
• Ingestion.
• Chemical digestion.
• Defecation.

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