Question

Answer the following:(5mks)
1. What is solar system?
2. Give some facts regarding planets
3. Note on layers of earth
4. Note on changes in season's
5. Explain different types of volcanoes​

Answer 1

ANswer :

1. What is solar system?

A- Our solar system consists of our star, the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity — the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, dwarf planets such as Pluto, dozens of moons and millions of asteroids, comets and meteoroids.

2. Give some facts regarding planets

A- Interesting Facts About the Solar System

• The definition of a planet and a moon is fuzzy.
• Comets and asteroids are leftovers.
• The planets are all on the same “plane” and orbit in the same direction.
• We're nowhere near the center of the galaxy.
• But the Solar System is bigger than you think.

3. Note on layers of earth

A- The earth is made up of three different layers: the crust, the mantle and the core. This is the outside layer of the earth and is made of solid rock, mostly basalt and granite. There are two types of crust; oceanic and continental.

4. Note on changes in season's

4. Note on changes in season'sA- Earth revolves around the sun in 365 days. When the earth moves nearer to the sun-earth becomes hotter and when the earth moves farther to the sun-earth becomes cooler. Due to this phenomena, earth experiences the different season.

5. Explain different types of volcanoes

5. Explain different types of volcanoesA- There are three main types of volcano - composite, shield and dome.

1. Composite:- Composite volcanoes, also called stratovolcanoes, are cone-shaped volcanoes built from many layers of lava, pumice, ash, and tephra.
2. Shield:-A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a warrior's shield lying on the ground.
3. Dome:- In volcanology, a lava dome is a circular mound-shaped protrusion resulting from the slow extrusion of viscous lava from a volcano.

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Answer 2

1. The system formed by the sun, eight planets, satellites, asteroids and various other celestial bodies is called the Solar System. The sun is at the centre of the solar system.

2. Some facts regarding planets:-

• Mercury is hot, but not too hot for ice.
• Venus doesn't have any moons, and we aren't sure why.
• Earth where we live is the only planet where life exists in this solar system.
• Mars had a thicker atmosphere in the past.
• Jupiter is a great comet catcher.
• No one knows how old Saturn's rings are.
• Uranus is more stormy than we thought.
• Neptune has supersonic winds.

3. Layers of earth:-

• Crust - The outermost part of the Earth is known as crust or lithosphere. The continental crust is called sial, which is made of silicon and aluminium. The oceanic crust is called sima, which is made of silicon and magnesium. Sial is less denser than Sima.
• Mantle - The layer that lies between the crust and the core is known as mantle. The upper boundry of mantle where it meets crust is called Mohorovicic Discontinuity and the lower boundry where it meets core is called Gutenberg Discontinuity.
• Core - The innermost layer of the Earth is known as the core. It is made of Nickel Copper Alloy called Nife. It's divided into two parts:- inner and outer core. Inner core is hotter than outer core.

4. When the Earth moves nearer to the sun, earth becomes hotter and when the Earth moves farther from the sun, earth becomes colder. Due to this phenomena, earth experiences different seasons. There are four seasons:-

• Summer
• Winter
• Autumn
• Spring

5. There are three types of volcanoes:-

• Active volcanoes - Volcanoes which erupts time to time are called active volcanoes.
• Dormant volcanoes - Volcanoes which does not erupted for a long time but neither extinct are called dormant volcanoes.
• Extinct volcanoes - Volcanoes which aren't erupted for a long period of time thus, came to be known as extinct volcanoes.