Question

Answer the following in detail:
1. What is the role of lymph?
2. Describe double circulation of blood in human beings.Why is it necessary?
3. How are water and minerals transported in plants?

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Answer 1

Answer:

3.water the minerals are transpoeted through stems

Answer 2

2. In human beings, the blood goes through the heart twice during each cycle i.e. the blood passes through the human heart two times to supply once to the whole body. So, it is called Double Circulation of blood.

Types of double circulation

The double circulation of blood includes:

(i) Systematic Circulation

(ii) Pulmonary Circulation

Systematic Circulation

Systemic circulation transfers oxygenated blood from left ventricles to capillaries in the tissue.

The oxygen-rich blood is passed to the aorta for distribution into various body sections.

The veins and venules later absorb the deoxygenated blood which is rich in carbon dioxide from different parts of the body.

The deoxygenated blood is transferred back to the superior vena cava, then on to the right atrium.

The right atrium transports blood to the right ventricle for pulmonary circulation, after receiving the deoxygenated blood.

Pulmonary Circulation

The distribution of blood starts in the pulmonary circulation from the right atrium to the left atrium.

The pulmonary artery receives the blood from the right ventricle and carries to the lungs for oxygenation.

When the oxygenated blood is pumped back to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein, that is brought to the left ventricles, after the purification process.

It is necessary for a human being to separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood because this makes their circulatory system more efficient and helps in maintaining constant body temperature.

3. Water and minerals are transported in plants with the help of xylem tissue. Roots absorb the water from the soil by actively taking up ions, creates the difference in the concentration of these ions between the root and the soil. Water enters the root cells. The water moves up creating a column of water that is steadily pushed upwards in vessels and tracheids of the roots, stem and leaves, and are interconnected to form a continuous system of water-conducting channels reaching all parts of the plant. The water loss by leaves through stomata is called transpiration. It creates a suction pull, which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots.

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