Answer the following question.
6. Write a note on the economic importance of
bacteria.
7. What are gymnosperms? List their characteristic
features.
8. Mention two divisions of angiosperms. Give
ne two examples of each division.
Answers
Answer:
6. Bacteria are economically important as these microorganisms are used by humans for many purposes. The beneficial uses of bacteria include the production of traditional foods such as yogurt, cheese, and vinegar. Microbes are also important in agriculture for the compost and fertilizer production.
7. The gymnosperms, also known as Acrogymnospermae, are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. The term "gymnosperm" comes from the composite word in Greek: γυμνόσπερμος, literally meaning "naked seeds". The name is based on the unenclosed condition of their seeds.
Characteristics of Gymnosperms
They do not produce flowers.
Seeds are not formed inside a fruit. ...
They are found in colder regions where snowfall occurs.
They develop needle-like leaves.
They are perennial or woody, forming trees or bushes.
They are not differentiated into ovary, style and stigma.
8. The angiosperms have historically been divided into two groups: the monocotyledons (monocots) and the dicotyledons (dicots). These terms derive from the number of seed leaves, or cotyledons , the plants have upon germination.
Two major groups of plants are green algae and embryophytes (land plants). Three bryophyte (nonvascular) divisions are liverworts, hornworts, and mosses.
Explanation:
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The word “Gymnosperm” comes from the Greek words “gymnos”(naked) and “sperma”(seed), hence known as “Naked seeds.” Gymnosperms are the seed-producing plants, but unlike angiosperms, they produce seeds without fruits. These plants develop on the surface of scales or leaves, or at the end of stalks forming a cone-like structure.
Gymnosperms belong to kingdom ‘Plantae‘ and sub-kingdom ‘Embryophyta’. The fossil evidence suggested that they originated during the Paleozoic era, about 390 million years ago.
Basically, gymnosperms are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed within the ovary wall, unlike the angiosperms. It remains exposed before and after fertilisation, and before developing into a seed. The stem of gymnosperms can be branched or unbranched. The thick cuticle, needle-like leaves, and sunken stomata reduce the rate of water loss in these plants.
The family of gymnosperms consist of conifers, the cycads, the gnetophytes, and the species of Gynkgophyta division and Ginkgo biloba.