Answer the following question in details
Write a short note on Confucianism?
b. Describe the main features of Hammurabi's code of law.
Briefly write about the decline of the Mesopotamian civilization.
d. Describe the social division of the ancient China.
Write functions of the Block Samitis.
f.
Write differences between Gram sabha and Gram Panchayat.
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A.
Confucianism is the philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius (551 BC - 479 BC), who was an important Chinese philosopher. ... Today, Confucianism has spread around the world, but it is still more important in China. The teachings of Confucius focus largely on the respect of one's parents, elders, and ancestors.
B.
The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law of ancient Mesopotamia, dated to about 1754 BC (Middle Chronology). It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code. A partial copy exists on a 2.25-metre-tall (7.4 ft) stone stele. It consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" (lex talionis)[1] as graded based on social stratification depending on social status and gender, of slave versus free, man versus woman.
D.
After 1911, China entered the Warlord Era. During this time, industrialization was slow to non-existent; between the years 1920 and 1949, the industrial sector had only increased by less than three million members, mainly women and children working in cotton mills. The main changes in social structure were military.[28]
In 1924, the Soviet Union helped Sun Yat-sen rebuild the Nationalist Kuomintang, GMT, and KMT military force, most notably through the Military Academy, an island on Pearl River near Guangzhou. Many military leaders of the following decades were Huangpu graduates, including Lin Biao, as well as nationalist Chinese generals.
After the allied forces of the Kuomintang and the Communists reunified China, Chiang Kai-shek, with the help of underworld forces such as the Green Gang, attacked the Communists. This had the effect of suppressing labor unions.[citation needed]
F.
Panchayati Raj in India signifies the system of rural local self-governance. It is entrusted with rural development. The Panchayati Raj is a three-tier structure consisting of the Zila Parishad, Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayat. The Gram Panchayat is further divided into Gram Sabha and Nyaya Panchayat/ The Panchayati Raj System was constitutionalized through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 which came into effect on April 24, 1993.
Gram Sabha is the general assembly of all the people of a village, who have attained the age of 18 years and their name is entered in the voter list.
The executive committee of the Gram Sabha is known as Gram Panchayat which consists of the representatives elected by the Sabha.
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