Answer the following questions.
1.What are natural resources? Give two examples.
2.What is groundwater?
3.Why do we need fuel? Name the two major fuels used in India.
4.How is coal formed?
5.Name the different types of forests found in India.
6.What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources?
7.What are dams? What are their uses? Give two examples of dams in India.
8.Name the different types of soils found in India. In which parts of India are each of them found?
9.Name three major minerals of India.In which regions of the country are they found?How are they useful to us?
10.How are evergreen forests different from deciduous forests? In which parts of India are they found?
11.How are forests useful to us?
Answers
Answer:
1. Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. Any natural substance that humans use can be considered a natural resource. Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand are natural resources. Other natural resources are air, sunlight, soil and water.
2. Groundwater, water that occurs below the surface of Earth, where it occupies all or part of the void spaces in soils or geologic strata.
3. For domestic use: Fuels like wood, coal, kerosene, domestic gas, cow dung etc.
For transport: Coal, diesel and petrol are used as fuel for road, sea and air transport in automobiles and locomotives.
For transport: Coal, diesel and petrol are used as fuel for road, sea and air transport in automobiles and locomotives.In industry.
To generate electricity.
As rocket fuel.
The two major fuels in India are :-
Coal
Coal Biomass and waste
4. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years.
5. There are broadly five categories of forests in India. They are named as Tropical evergreen forests, Tropical deciduous forests, Tropical thorn forests, Montane forests, and Swamp forests.
6. Nonrenewable energy resources, like coal, nuclear, oil, and natural gas, are available in limited supplies. This is usually due to the long time it takes for them to be replenished. Renewable resources are replenished naturally and over relatively short periods of time.
7. Dams can also provide a lake for recreational activities such as swimming, boating, and fishing. Many dams are built for more than one purpose; for example, water in a single reservoir can be used for fishing, to generate hydroelectric power, and to support an irrigation system.
8. Soils of India: Six Different Types of Soils Found in India :-
Alluvial Soils: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers.
Alluvial Soils: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers.Black Soils: These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava-flow.
Alluvial Soils: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers.Black Soils: These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava-flow.Red Soils: These are derived from weathering of ancient metamorphic rocks of Deccan Plateau.
Alluvial Soils: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers.Black Soils: These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava-flow.Red Soils: These are derived from weathering of ancient metamorphic rocks of Deccan Plateau.Laterite Soils.
Mountain Soils.
Desert Soils.
9. Most of the resources are found in Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Assam. A minor amount of resources are found in Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Rajasthan and West Bengal. Granular sillimanite is available in beach sands of South India.
10. Tropical Evergreen Forests are found in the regions receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall. Tropical Deciduous Forests are found in the region having rainfall in the range of 70 cm – 200 cm. The trees of the deciduous forests shed their leaves for about six to eight months during the dry season.
11. We depend on forests for our survival, from the air we breathe to the wood we use. Besides providing habitats for animals and livelihoods for humans, forests also offer watershed protection, prevent soil erosion and mitigate climate change.
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Answer:
1. Natural resources are resources that exist without any actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest and cultural value. On Earth, it includes sunlight, atmosphere, water, land along with all vegetation, and animal life. eg. Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand
2. Groundwater, water that occurs below the surface of Earth, where it occupies all or part of the void spaces in soils or geologic strata. ... It is also called subsurface water to distinguish it from surface water, which is found in large bodies like the oceans or lakes or which flows overland in streams.
3. Fossil fuels such as Coal, Oil and Gas are some of the most important natural resources that we use everyday. ... Fossil fuels are used to produce energy; in the home they are burned to produce heat, in large power stations they are used to produce electricity and they are also used to power engines. Coal, oil, and natural gas are the three primary commercial energy sources in India.
4. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years.
5. Types of Indian Forest
Moist tropical forest.
Dry tropical forest.
Montane temperate forest.
Montane sub tropical forest.
Alpine forest.
6. Renewable resources are solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biofuels, cultivated plants, biomass, air, water and soil. In contrast, non-renewable resources are those that are available to us in limited quantities, or those that are renewed so slowly that the rate at which they are consumed is too fast.
7. Dam, structure built across a stream, a river, or an estuary to retain water. ... Many dams are built for more than one purpose; for example, water in a single reservoir can be used for fishing, to generate hydroelectric power, and to support an irrigation system. Uses of dams:
IRRIGATION.
FLOOD CONTROL.
HYDRO POWER GENERATION.
INLAND NAVIGATION.
RECREATION.
example Sardar Sarovar Dam, Gujarat Narmada
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
8. There are six soil deposits in India. They are Alluvial soil, Black soil or regur, Red soil, Laterite soil, Desert or Arid soil, and Forest and mountainous soil. These soils are formed by the sediments brought down by the rivers. They are also rich in chemical ingredients.Alluvial soils are rich in humus as they are deposited by three important river of Himalayas , Indus river, Ganges and Brahmaputra River. They are found in the eastern coastal plains of India, particularly in the deltas of rivers Mahanadi , Godavari river, Krishna river and Kaveri.
9. India's major mineral resources include Coal (4th largest reserves in the world), Iron ore, Manganese ore (7th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Mica, Bauxite (5th largest reserve in the world as in 2013), Chromite, Natural gas, Diamonds, Limestone and Thorium. As of 2010, India had 27 billion tonnes or resource (including hematite and magnetite). The major amount of hematite is found in Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Goa. Minor amounts of hematite are found in Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Iron ore is mainly used for manufacturing of pig iron, sponge iron and steel. It is also used in coal washeries, cement and glass industries. Public sector companies like National Mineral Development Corporation and Steel Authority of India contribute to 25% of the total production.
10. Evergreen forests are sensitive to temperature, and so these can survive in warm weather, while deciduous forests are susceptible to rainfall, and shed off their leaves in cold as well as dry conditions.
Evergreen Forest
These forests are found in Andaman and Nicobar. Islands, part of North-Eastern states and narrow strip of the western slope of the Wastern Ghats.
Deciduous Forest
These forests are found in Madhya Pradesh,Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and in part of Maharashtra.
11. We depend on forests for our survival, from the air we breathe to the wood we use. Besides providing habitats for animals and livelihoods for humans, forests also offer watershed protection, prevent soil erosion and mitigate climate change.
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