Answer the following questions
1. What is the association of deer and tiger
called?
2. What is the trophic level of herbivorous
consumers in the food chain?
3. Why are plants called producers?
4. Name two primary consumers.
5. Describe two types of food chains with the
help of diagrams.
6. What are consumers? How are they categorised?
7.Mention the role of decomposers in an ecosystem.
8. Discuss how plants are essential for animals?
Answers
Explanation:
1) Mutualism. (i) Tiger and deer.
2) second trophic level
Herbivores are primary consumers, which means they occupy the second trophic level and eat producers. For each trophic level, only about 10 percent of energy passes from one level to the next. This is called the 10 percent rule.
3) They make their own food, which creates energy for them to grow, reproduce and survive. Being able to make their own food makes them unique; they are the only living things on Earth that can make their own source of food energy. Of course, they require sun, water and air to thrive.
4) Primary consumers are herbivores, feeding on plants. Caterpillars, insects, grasshoppers, termites and hummingbirds are all examples of primary consumers because they only eat autotrophs (plants).
5) The transfer of food energy from the producers, through a series of organisms (herbivores to carnivores to decomposers) with repeated eating and being eaten, is known as food chain. In nature, basically two types of food chains are recognized – grazing food chain and detritus food chain.
6) There are four types of consumers: omnivores, carnivores, herbivores and decomposers. Herbivores are living things that only eat plants to get the food and energy they need. Animals like whales, elephants, cows, pigs, rabbits, and horses are herbivores. Carnivores are living things that only eat meat.
7) Decomposers include saprophytes such as fungi and bacteria. They directly thrive on the dead and decaying organic matter. Decomposers are essential for the ecosystem as they help in recycling nutrients to be reused by plants. ... They provide space for new being in the biosphere by decomposing the dead.
8) Animals, who are incapable of making their own food, depend on plants for their supply of food. ... The oxygen that animals breathe comes from plants. Through photosynthesis, plants take energy from the sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water and minerals from the soil. They then give off water and oxygen.