Answer the following questions:
1.What is transplantation?Write their advantages.
2.Which of these are organic substances-manures or fertilizer?
3.What is sprinkler system and drip irrigation.
4.Why is drip irrigation not used by all farmers ?
5.How can insect pests damage and destroy the crop plants?
6.Write the function of different microorganisms which are involved in nitrogen cycle.
7.Differentiate between nitrification and denitrification.
8.Discuss with an example how hybridization is used for developing new varieties of crop with
desired characteristics.
9.What precaution must be kept in mind while sowing seeds in a field
?
Answers
Answer:
1.The process of transplantation promotes better penetration of roots in the soil. 3. It promotes better development of shoot system of plants. ... The process of transplantation enables us to plant the seedlings at the right spacing so as to ensure the uniform availability of water, nutrients and sunlight to the plants.
2.Typical organic fertilizers include mineral sources, all animal waste including meat processing, manure, slurry, and guano, plant based fertilizers, such as compost, and biosolids.
3.Introduction of Drip Irrigation: ... Water is applied close to plants so that only part of the soil in which the roots grow is wetted, unlike surface and sprinkler irrigation, which involves wetting the whole soil profile.
4.However, setting up an irrigation system like that is very expensive as the whole field needs to be laden with pipes in the soil and that might hamper with the growing pattern of some species. ... Therefore through drip irrigation is very effective, not all farmers use them.
5.Insects are responsible for two major kinds of damage to growing crops. First is direct injury done to the plant by the feeding insect, which eats leaves or burrows in stems, fruit, or roots. ... These swarms may completely destroy crops in an invaded region.
6.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates. Bacteria of decay, which convert decaying nitrogen waste to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria, which convert ammonia to nitrates/nitrites. Denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen gas.
7. involves the conversion of reduced nitrogen compounds into oxidized forms. Denitrification involves the conversion of oxidized nitrogen compounds into reduced forms. The end product of nitrification is nitrate (NO3–). The end product of denitrification is either nitrous oxide (NO2) or nitrogen gas (N2).
8.Hybridization involves cross-breeding two different varieties of crops to obtain a new variety with the desired traits. Example: Two varieties of crops, one with high yield and other with disease resistance, can be crossbred to obtain a variety that has both the traits, i.e., high yield and disease resistance.
9.Precautions for sowing seeds
Precautions for sowing seeds1) The seeds should be sown at right depth in the soil. 2) The seeds should be sown at right interval or spacing. 3) The seeds should not be sown in a dry soil. 4) The seeds should not be sown in a highly wet soil.
Hope it helps you:)
Answer:
Ans 1 The process of transplantation promotes better penetration of roots in the soil. 3. It promotes better development of shoot system of plants. ... The process of transplantation enables us to plant the seedlings at the right spacing so as to ensure the uniform availability of water, nutrients and sunlight to the plants
Ans 2:Typical organic fertilizers include mineral sources, all animal waste including meat processing, manure, slurry, and guano, plant based fertilizers, such as compost, and biosolids
Ans 3 About Drip Irrigation System
Water is applied close to plants so that only part of the soil in which the roots grow is wetted, unlike surface and sprinkler irrigation, which involves wetting the whole soil profile.
Ans 4 Deep irrigation is not possible at some places and also there is plenty of water available as pond , lake , stream and river etc . So they don' need to do the deep irrigation .
Ans5 Insects are responsible for two major kinds of damage to growing crops. First is direct injury done to the plant by the feeding insect, which eats leaves or burrows in stems, fruit, or roots. ... These swarms may completely destroy crops in an invaded region.
Ans 6 Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates. Bacteria of decay, which convert decaying nitrogen waste to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria, which convert ammonia to nitrates/nitrites. Denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen gas.
Ans 7 Nitrification involves the conversion of reduced nitrogen compounds into oxidized forms. Denitrification involves the conversion of oxidized nitrogen compounds into reduced forms. The end product of nitrification is nitrate (NO3–). The end product of denitrification is either nitrous oxide (NO2) or nitrogen gas (N2).
Ans 8 Hybridization involves cross-breeding two different varieties of crops to obtain a new variety with the desired traits. Example: Two varieties of crops, one with high yield and other with disease resistance, can be crossbred to obtain a variety that has both the traits, i.e., high yield and disease resistance.
Ans 9 The following precautions should be taken while sowing seeds: (i) Seeds should be grown at proper depth. (ii) They should be sown at a proper distance apart from each other. (iii) Seed used for sowing should be clean, healthy and free from any disease or infections