Answer the following questions.
a. How are the hereditary changes
responsible for evolution?
b. Explain the process of formation of
complex proteins.
c. Explain the theory of evolution and
mention the proof supporting it.
d. Explain with suitable examples
importance of anatomical
evidences in evolution.
Define fossil. Explain importance
is
of fossils as proof of evolution.
f. Write evolutionary history of
modern man.
Answers
Answer:
A. The offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents through a mechanism known as inheritance. The inherited traits undergo modification. Through hereditary, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to undergo evolution by natural selection.
B. Complex proteins are made up of various protein molecules which are linked by non-covalent bonds. Amino acids are the basic units of the proteins. They link together to form a primary structure, polypeptide chain. Secondary structure is made up of beta sheets or alpha helices.
C. Embryological evidence- Embryology is used as one of the evidences of evolution. Comparative study of embryos shows that there is lot of similarity in them at the initial stages whereas this similarity decreases gradually. This similarity in the development of embryos represents common origin of organisms.
D. Anatomical evidences help us to study how species have evolved over a period of time. Analogous structures support the theory of evolution and explain the fact that how species build up adaptations in order to fit in an environment whereas homologous structures help us to understand common ancestry.
E. Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past. Fossils are important evidence for evolution because they show that life on earth was once different from life found on earth today.
F. Modern humans originated in Africa within the past 200,000 years and evolved from their most likely recent common ancestor, Homo erectus, which means 'upright man' in Latin. Homo erectus is an extinct species of human that lived between 1.9 million and 135,000 years ago.
Explanation: