Answer the following questions.
Do you think that the British system of Education had a negative impact on the people of india? Support
vour answer with suitable arguments
Z State the major landmarks in the field of education in the nineteenth and the twentieth century.
1 Describe the main contributions of any three social reformers in improving the Indian Society
4 State the impact of the reform movements on India.
5. Although the British and the Indian Parliament brought many laws to end social evils, yet they continue
Answers
Answer:
1) Education policy of the British: In pre-British days, Hindus and Muslims were educated through Pathsala and Madrassa respectively, but their advent created a new place of learning i.e. Missionaries. So that, they can create a class of Indian who would be “Indian in blood and colour, but English in taste” who would act as interpreters between the Government and the masses.
2) a.Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
He was born in 1820. He was a writer, a great philosopher, translator, educator and so more. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was known by the pillars of the “Bengal Renaissance”. In Bengal, Vidyasagar brought a revolution in the education system. He fought for the betterment of the status of the woman in India. He brought a revolution in the widow system and supported the widow remarriage. He closed his eyes in 1891.
b.Baba Amte
One of the prominent social reformers of modern India was the Baba Amte. He was born in the Maharashtra, Wardha District on 26 December 1914. His important contribution to Indian society is his work for the care and rehabilitation of the people who suffer from leprosy. His father was work for the British Government, he was the British Government officer. So his family was a wealthy family and he got a luxurious life from his childhood. But Baba Amte was a person who mingles in all castes and religions people. He tried spreading awareness about the leprosy diseases.
c.Mahatma Gandhi
Birth -1869 Death – 1948
The full name of Mahatma Gandhi is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He had done a lot of struggles in the independence movement. He was the pioneer of Satyagraha and he was a devotee of non-violence. Mahatma Gandhi was also called as the Father of The Nation. He fought against poverty, woman’s rights, etc.
3) Impact of the Reform Movement
As a result of reform movements significant advances were made in the field
of emancipation of women. Legal measures were introduced to elevate their
status. The practice of sati and infanticide were made illegal. In 1856 a law
was passed permitting widow remarriage .Another law passed in 1860 raised the
marriageable age of girls to ten which was a significant advance in those days.
Many superstitions also began to disappear. The reform movements that grew
differed from each other in many parts but they all helped in awakening the
people to the need for change. The reform movements contributed a great deal to
the birth of Indian nationalism. These were country-wide movements influencing
people everywhere and not just in isolation.
The reform activities united people and the attack on institutions like caste
which hampered social unity created a sense of oneness in the people. But most
of these reform movements had certain limitations. The questions to which they
gave primacy concerned only small sections of Indian society. Some of them
failed to emphasize or even recognize that colonial rule was inimical to the
interests of the Indian people. Most of them worked within the framework of
their respective communities in a way tended to promote identities based on
religion or caste. Many of these limitations were sought to be overcome during
the course of the national movement with which many social and religious
reformers were closely associated. Indian nationalism aimed at the regeneration
of the entire Indian society irrespective of caste and community. It was no
longer necessary to confine the movement of social reform to one’s own
community.
Explanation:
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