Answer the following questions in brief.
D.
1. What was Din-i-llahi and who started it?
2. Why is Shah Jahan known as an 'Engineer King'?
3. What was the political condition of India before Babur's invasion?
4. State the main features of Jahangir's rule.
5. Briefly explain the 'mansabdari system'.
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Answers
Answer:
- The Din-i-Ilahi was syncretic religion and the Mughal empire (AKBAR) in 1582 CE.
- Shah Jahan was known as 'Engineer King' because the Mughal architecture reached it's peak under him.
- There were small independent kingdoms in India. Weak political condition due to disintegration of Tughlaq empire.
- Shah Jahan banned the manufacture and sale of the intoxicants although he himself was addicted to drinking.
- The mansabdari system was the administrative system of the Mughal empire introduced by Akbar .
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Answer - 1:
DIN - I - ILLAHI:
• Din - i - illahi was a religion founded by Mughal emperor, Akbar.
• The word "Din - i - illahi" means "the religion of God".
• The main aim of Akbar was to merge both Hinduism and Islam into single religion. He also thought to add other religions like Zoroastrianism etc.
• The idea of "Din - i - illahi" was proposed by "Abul Fazl".
• Abul Fazl was the chief priest of "Din - i - illahi".
• However, Din - i - illahi was failed to gain people's attention.
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Answer - 2:
Shah Jahan - Engineer king:
• Shah Jahan was the son of Jahangir. He was also known as "Prince Khurram".
• During Shahjahan's reign, the architecture of Mughal Empire reached its Zenith.
• Many wonderful architectural structures were constructed by Shah Jahan.
• Red fort, Taj Mahal, Moti Masjid, Jama masjid etc were constructed during his reign.
• Taj Mahal is one of the seven wonders in the World.
• Jama masjid is the largest mosque in India.
• Hence, we can say that Shahjahan is an Engineer king.
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Answer - 3:
Political condition before Babur's invasion:
• Babur invaded India in early fifteen hundreds.
• Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat in 1523.
• Before the Babur's invasion, many new kingdoms were emerged.
• Rajputanas were emerged as one of the powerful kingdoms.
• Rana Sanga wanted to remove Ibrahim Lodi from the throne.
• The Tughlaq's reforms resulted in the emergence of many independent kindoms in South India.
• There was lack of unity among the kindoms. Hence, Babur established Mughal Empire in ease.
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Answer - 4:
Jahangir's Reign:
• Jahangir was the son of Akbar and Jodhabai.
• He was born as Prince Salim. As, his name was inspired from Shaikh Salim, the Sufi saint.
• The word "Jahangir" means "Conqueror of World".
• The rule of Jahangir was better in his earlier years.
• Later, his wife Nur Jahan assumed the control over the kingdom.
• The most important feature of Jahangir's reign was "Jhoron ka Darshan".
• It was also known as "Chair of Justice" through which the king gave speedy justice.
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Answer - 5:
MANSABDARI SYSTEM:
• The Mansabdari system was introduced by Akbar.
• The Mansabdars were the military officials in the army.
• Mansabdars were paid through the salaries.
• The word "mansabdar" denotes a "rank or position".
• This concept was adopted from the Mongols military system.
• Mansabdari was one of the most successful reforms introduced by Akbar.