Question

Answer the following questions in detail :
1. Describe the mechanism of heating of atmosphere
2 What is meant by greenhouse effect ? Which components of the atmosphere are responsible for it ?
3. Give a brief account of the structure of the atmosphere.
4. What are the causes and effects of global warming ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

1) Earth does not absorb all the heat that is radiated by the sun. The balance maintained between the incoming solar radiation absorbed by the earth and the heat that escapes from the earth into the space is known as the heat budget. Following is the heat budget of the earth:

Out of 100 units of heat that is radiated by the sun, 35 units of heat are reflected into the space by the layers of atmosphere.

14 units are absorbed by the Ozone layer.

Rest 51 units are received by the earth.

Out of 51 units, 34 units are absorbed by the earth, and sent back into the atmosphere.

Rest 17 units are radiated directly into the space by the earth.

2) The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth.Earth's greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere and warm the planet. The main gases responsible for the greenhouse effect include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor (which all occur naturally), and fluorinated gases (which are synthetic).

3) The atmosphere has 4 layers

1.Troposphere-That we live in near the surface of the earth

2.Stratosphere - That houses the ozone layer

3.Mesosphere - A colder and lower density area

4.Thermosphere -There is no air in this region

4) Global warming, the gradual heating of Earth's surface, oceans and atmosphere, is caused by human activity, primarily the burning of fossil fuels that pump carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. ... Already, global warming is having a measurable effect on the planet.

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