Answer the following questions in detail :
1. Describe the male and female reproductive systems.
2. what do you understand by puberty? what changes do occur in persons during adolescence?
Answers
Answer:
1= The male reproductive system consists of external organs. The testes in the scrotum produce the male gamete, sperm, which is ejaculated in seminal fluid by the penis. The female reproductive system primarily consists of internal organs
Explanation:
2=During puberty you can expect a lot of changes to your body. Your genitals will get bigger. In girls the breasts will grow and your vagina, uterus and fallopian tubes will develop. In boys the penis and testes will get bigger. Boys will get erections more frequently.
Answer:
Ans 1.
Male Reproductive System
The male gametes, i.e., sperms are produced within the male reproductive system. Sperms are small unicellular structures with a head, middle piece, and a tail.
The male reproductive system consists of :
Testicles (testes): A pair of oval-shaped organs masked in a pouch called the scrotum. They are responsible for the production of sperms and the male hormone testosterone.
Scrotum: It is a sac-like organ that hangs below the penis and behind it. It is the houses of the testicles, or testes, and maintains a temperature that is required for the production of sperm by it.
Vas deferens: The sperms produced in testes are stored in a tube called the epididymis. Here the sperms get matured and pass to urethra through the muscular tube called vas deferens.
Accessory glands: This includes three glands, namely seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland. The secretions from the three glands mix to form a fluid called semen. Semen nourishes the sperm, increases the volume and helps in lubrication.
Penis: Penis is a cylindrical tube which serves as both reproductive organ and an excretory organ. It delivers sperms into the vagina during sexual intercourse.
Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system is active before, during and after fertilization as well. It consists of the following parts:
A pair of ovaries: Ovaries produce and store ovum in them. They also produce a female hormone called estrogen.
Fallopian tubes (Oviducts): They are the site of fertilization. They connect ovaries with the uterus.
Uterus: Uterus is the site of development for the embryo.
Vagina: It is the part which connects the cervix to the external female body parts. It is the route for the penis during coitus as well as a fetus during delivery.
Ans 2.
Puberty is the time in life when a boy or girl becomes sexually mature.
The changes that occur in a girl during adolescence:
- They become curvier and the overall fat content of the body increases
- Breasts start to develop.
- Hips widen---girls even during childhood have wider hips as compared to boys and this difference becomes more evident in adolescence.
- In response to rising levels of estrogen, the lower half of the pelvis widens. Fat deposition occurs in the hips, thighs, upper arms, etc. This produces the typical female body shape.
- Hair grows in the pubic area, underarm and leg.
- Menstruation starts. The first menstrual event is referred to as menarche. The average age of menarche in girls is about 12-13 years.
- Hair and skin may turn oily.
- A rapid increase in height or growth spurt (girls, in general, reach their adult height by about 16 years of age)
The changes that occur in a boy during adolescence:
- The growth of hair on face, body, pubic area, and underarm.
- The testis enlarges in size and starts producing testosterone. Rising levels of testosterone promote the growth of the genital organs.
- Overall physical growth-- boys develop more muscle tissues, thicker as well as larger bones and broader shoulders.
- Increase in size or growth of the penis, testes and scrotum.
- Start having a spontaneous nocturnal emission.
- The larynx grows and becomes prominent and the voice changes in boys.
- A rapid increase in height or growth spurt (boys, in general, reach their adult height by about 18 years of age).