. Answer the following questions in detail
1. Explain the major features of Akbar's administration.
2. Explain the growth of literature during Akbar's reign.
3. Write a short note on Akbar's religious policy.
4. “Shah Jahan constructed a number of beautiful buildings." Explain by giving
examples.
5. Mention any three buildings built by Akbar with one feature of each.
6. Who was the last great Mughal Emperor? What were his chief achievements?
Answers
1.
The main features of central administration under Akbar were: There was a strong centralised Government with the king having the final authority over all important matters including politics, military, administrative and judiciary. All the decisions taken by him were final and could not be challenged by anyone.
2.
The greatest growth was witnessed in the Persian literature because it was the official language of the Mughals. ... Thus, Babur wrote poems in both Persian and Turkish. Persian prose and poetry reached a climax during Akbar's reign. Many biographies and historical works were composed during his reign.
3.
The religious policy of Akbar was extremely liberal. He had equal respect for all religion and did not discriminate between his subjects on the basis of religion. In fact, Akbar abolished the Jiziya tax that Hindus were required to pay under previous Muslim rulers.
4.
i. We are only familiar about Taj Mahal as it is a one-of-its-kind architecture in the world. In fact, the contemporary world is more familiar about Shah Jahan due to this architecture. However, the era of this Mughal Emperor was considered as a 'Golden Age' for architectures. He built many structures during his rule and today they are a little overshadowed by the renowned Taj Mahal. In this article, we are discussing about the monuments built by Shah Jahan other than Taj Mahal.
ii. Red Fort or Lal Quila is one of the most-famous monuments in Delhi. It is situated in the Old Delhi which was called as Shahjahanabad during the reign of Mughal Empire. Red Fort is one of the architectures built by Shah Jahan. It served as a royal residence of Mughal Emperors for many years. Today, Red Fort is one of the top tourist places to visit in Delhi. The striking image of tall minarets, domes and a vast courtyard of Jama Masjid allures us. Deemed as one of the largest mosques in India, the Masjid-i Jahan-Numa (the World-Reflecting Mosque) is a monument built by Shah Jahan. It is said that the Emperor had spent 1 million to build this mosque.
iv. Agra Fort was constructed much earlier than Akbar's time. However, it was it was totally renovated during the time of Shah Jahan. It is said that Shah Jahan demolished many structures inside Agra Fort and built new ones. In fact, most of the architecture which is seen today is made by Shah Jahan. Though it is a World Heritage Site, Agra Fort is highly over-shadowed by its neigbhouring monument of Taj Mahal.
v. Jama Masjid at Agra looks a little similar to Jama Masjid in Delhi. It was built in the honour of Jahanara Begum, beloved daughter of Shah Jahan. The Jama Masjid or the Friday Mosque is one of the best monuments in Agra.
vi. Moti Masjid is yet another marble structure located inside Agra Fort. It was built for the purpose of the members of the administration. Moti Masjid got the name as 'Pearl Mosque' because of its pristine glow. It is also one of the beautiful monuments built by Shah Jahan other than Taj Mahal.
Apart from these architectures, there are a few others like Jahangir Mausoleum, Shalimar Gardens, a part of Lahore Fort and Moti Masjid which are located in Pakistan.
We tend to know only about the most famous structure but not the other a little-lesser known ones. These amazing monuments show us the passion and love for the architecture that Shah Jahan had. So, don't miss out on these destinations when you go to Delhi Tour or Agra Tour!.
5. same as question 4
6.
Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad (3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707),commonly known by the sobriquet Aurangzeb (Persian: "Ornament of the Throne") or by his regnal title Alamgir (Persian: "Conqueror of the World"), was the sixth Mughal emperor, who ruled over almost the entire Indian subcontinent for a period of 49 years.
He was a notable expansionist; during his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, ruling over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent. (more than ten times that of his contemporary Louis XIV of France),in 1690. Under his reign, India surpassed Qing China to become the world's largest economy and biggest manufacturing power, worth nearly a quarter of global GDP and more than the entirety of Western Europe, and its largest and wealthiest subdivision, the Bengal Subah,signaled the proto-industrialization.
Aurangzeb was noted for his religious piety; he memorized the entire Quran, studied hadiths and stringently observed the rituals of Islam. Unlike his predecessors, including his father Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb considered the royal treasury to be held in trust for the citizens of his empire.He did not enjoy a luxurious life and his personal expenses and constructions of small mosques were covered by his own earnings, which included the sewing of caps and trade of his written copies of the Quran. He also patronized works of Islamic and Arabic calligraphy.
its the answer....
Answer:
the features of central administration under Akbar were : there was a strong centralised government with the king having the final authority over all important matters including politics , military, administrative and judiciary ....... Akbar held meeting his ministers and Senior official in Diwan-i-khas,