Answer the following questions in detail:
1. How did the Anglo-French conflict start? What wars were fought due to this?
2. Who was Mir Qasim? Why he had to flee to Awadh?
3. How did the battle of Buxar take place? Who took part in it? What was its outcome?
4. What do you mean by dual administration? How did it make the province of Bengal suffer immensely?
Answers
1. From 1778 to 1783, with or without their allies, France and Britain fought over dominance in the English Channel, the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean and the Caribbean. ... Spain did not enter into the war until 1779, when it entered the war as an ally of France pursuant to the secret Treaty of Aranjuez.
2. Having lost all his men and influence after his defeat at Buxar, Qasim was expelled from his camp by Shuja-ud-Daula on 23 October 1764; fleeing to Rohilkhand, Allahabad, Gohad and Jodhpur, and eventually settling at Kotwal, near Delhi.
3. The battle resulted in the 1765 Treaty of Allahabad, in which the Mughal Emperor surrendered sovereignty of Bengal to the British. Lord Robert Clive, the victor at the Plassey, became the first governor of Bengal. Losses: British East India Company, fewer than 1,000 casualties of 8,000; Indian states, 6,000 of 35,000.
4. Dual Government in Bengal was introduced by Robert Clive in 1765 and continued till 1772. Under this system the administration of Bengal was divided in to two parts- Diwani and Nizamat. Diwani means right to collect revenue was given to company and Nizamat means administrative rights were given to nawab.
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