Question

Answer the following questions in detail.
1. What were the main reasons for the rise of Jainism and hBuddhism in India?
2. Describe the basic principles of Jainism.
3. What were the Four Great Sights in Gautama Buddha's life? How did they affect him?
4. Why did Buddhism decline in India?
5. Analyse the similarities and differences between Jainism and Buddhism.

Please answer
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Answer 1

Answer:

Direct Answers

Explanation:

1.The primary cause for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism was the religious unrest in India in the 6th century B.C. The complex rituals and sacrifices advocated in the Later Vedic period were not acceptable to the common people. The sacrificial ceremonies were also found to be too expensive.

2.The three main principles of Jainism are Ahimsa(non-violence),Aparigraha(non-possessiveness),Anekantvada(non-absolutism). ... The five basic principles of jainism are Ahimsa(non-violence),Satya(truthfulness),Achaurya(non-stealing),Bhramacharya(celibacy),Aparigraha(non-possession).

3.He lived the sheltered life of a typical prince, with every luxury he could desire. When he was 29 years old, legend dictates, he was jolted out of his idleness by the “Four Signs”: he saw in succession an old man, a sick person, a corpse being carried to cremation, and a monk in meditation beneath a tree.

4.The decline of Buddhism has been attributed to various factors, especially the regionalisation of India after the end of the Gupta Empire (320–650 CE), which led to the loss of patronage and donations as Indian dynasties turned to the services of Hindu Brahmins.

5. Differences :

(1) Difference regarding conception Moksha :

According to Buddhism, a man attains Moksha when he ends all the desires and can attain it while living in the world. But according, to Jainism Moksha is freedom from miseries and can be attained only after death.

(2) Means of attainment of Moksha:

According to Buddhist Sangha is proper for attainment of Moksha and they hate self-mortifications and severe penances. Jainism believes in fasts and severest penances.

(3) Ahimsa :

Though both emphasise the principle of Ahimsa, yet Jainism is more strict in this connection.

(4) Soul:

Buddhists do not believe in the existence of soul whereas Jainism believes the existence of soul in every living being.

(5) Regarding Conduct:

Buddhism emphasises the eight noble piths whereas Jainism emphasises Tri Ratna.

(6) Language of Religious texts :

Most of the Jain texts are in Sanskrit and Prakrit whereas Buddhist text are in Pali.

(7)Their connection with Hinduism : Jain religion is nearer to Hinduism whereas Buddhism followed the policy of keeping away from Hinduism.

(8) Caste system :

Jains opposed it but Buddhism opposed and attacked vehemently.

(9) Royal support and patronage :

Buddhism received the royal support and patronage of kings like Ashoka and Kanishka. But Jainism could never receive strong royal support and Patronage.

(10) Propagation :

Buddhism spread to foreign countries whereas Jainism did not travel outside the boundaries of India

Answer 2

Answer:

$\sf{\bold{\red{Q1:}}}$What were the main reasons for the rise of Jainism and hBuddhism in India?

$\sf{\bold{\red{A1:}}}$The primary cause for the rise of Jainism and Buddhism was the religious unrest in India in the 6th century B.C. The complex rituals and sacrifices advocated in the Later Vedic period were not acceptable to the common people. The sacrificial ceremonies were also found to be too expensive.

$\sf{\bold{\pink{Q2:}}}$Describe the basic principles of Jainism.

$\sf{\bold{\pink{A2:}}}$

• "Ahimsa" - Non-Violence

• Non Violence by not killing any soul.

• Non Violence by not hurting any soul.

• Non Violence followed with all your senses - touch, taste, smell,
• sight, hearing and feelings of physche thoughts for every soul.

$\sf{\bold{\blue{Q3:}}}$What were the Four Great Sights in Gautama Buddha's life? How did they affect him?

$\sf{\bold{\blue{A3:}}}$He lived the sheltered life of a typical prince, with every luxury he could desire. When he was 29 years old, legend dictates, he was jolted out of his idleness by the “Four Signs”: he saw in succession an old man, a sick person, a corpse being carried to cremation, and a monk in meditation beneath a tree.

$\sf{\bold{\orange{Q4:}}}$Why did Buddhism decline in India?

$\sf{\bold{\orange{Q4:}}}$The decline of Buddhism has been attributed to various factors, especially the regionalisation of India after the end of the Gupta Empire (320–650 CE), which led to the loss of patronage and donations as Indian dynasties turned to the services of Hindu Brahmins.

$\sf{\bold{\purple{Q5:}}}$Analyse the similarities and differences between Jainism and Buddhism.

$\sf{\bold{\purple{Q5:}}}$Buddhism is centered upon the life and teachings of Gautama Buddha, whereas Jainism is centered on the life and teachings of Mahavira. Buddhism is a polytheistic religion and its main goal is to gain enlightenment. Jainism is also a polytheistic religion and its goals are based on non-violence and liberation the soul.