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Triangular trade or triangle trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. Triangular trade usually evolves when a region has export commodities that are not required in the region from which its major imports come. Triangular trade thus provides a method for rectifying trade imbalances between the above regions.
Historically the particular routes were also shaped by the powerful influence of winds and currents during the age of sail. For example, from the main trading nations of Western Europe, it was much easier to sail westwards after first going south of 30 N latitude and reaching the so-called "trade winds"; thus arriving in the Caribbean rather than going straight west to the North American mainland. Returning from North America, it is easiest to follow the Gulf Stream in a northeasterly direction using the westerlies. A similar triangle to this, called the volta do mar was already being used by the Portuguese, before Christopher Columbus' voyage, to sail to the Canary Islands and the Azores. Columbus simply expanded this triangle outwards, and his route became the main way for Europeans to reach, and return from, the Americas.
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1. The colonies in the Caribbean were important suppliers of tobacco, indigo, sugar and coffee. However as the Europeans were unwilling to work in distant and unfamiliar lands, it led to a shortage of labor in plantations. This shortage was met by triangular slave trade between Europe, Africa and America.
2. The slave trade began in the 17th century when French merchants sailed to the African coasts, where they bought slaves from the local chieftains.
3. There they were sold to the plantation workers who used them to meet the growing demands in European markets for sugar, coffee and indigo.
4. Slavery was abolished in France by the Constitution of 1791 but it was not extended to all French subjects including those in the colonies.
5. It was during the Jacobins reign that the Convention abolished slavery in the French colonies . Napoleon reintroduced slavery in France. Slavery was finally abolished in French colonies again.