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Explanation:
Calculate the force of gravitation between the earth and the Sun, given that the mass of the earth = 6 x 1024 kg and of the Sun = 2 x 1030 kg. The average distance between the two is 1.5 x 1011m.
State the universal law of gravitation.
Ans. Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force which is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The force is along the line joining the centres of two objects

Q2. Write the formula to find the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and an object on the surface of the earth.
Ans. The gravitational force between the earth and an object on its surface
Me = Mass of the earth
NCERT TEXTBOOK PAGE 136
Q1. What do you mean by free fall?
Ans. Whenever an object falls toward earth under the force of gravity one and no other force is present, the motion of object is said to be “free fall”.
Q2. What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity?
Ans. The acceleration of free fall is the acceleration due to gravity. We can also say the acceleration of an object due to gravitational force of earth acting on it is known as acceleration due to gravity.
NCERT TEXTBOOK PAGE 138
Q1. What are the differences between the mass of an object and its weight?
Ans.MassWeight1. Mass of a body is the measure of its inertia.1. Weight of the body is the force with which it is attracted towards the earth (W = m x g).2. Its S.I. unit is kg.2. Its S.I unit is Newton.3. It remains constant everywhere and it cannot be zero.3. Its value changes from place to place and it can be zero.4. It can be measured by beam-balance.4. It can be measured by spring balance.5. It has only magnitude i.e. it is a scalar quantity.5. It has both magnitude and direction i.e.
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