Question

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(a)What are the raw materials used in photosynthesis ?

(b)Write a difference between chlorophyll and chloroplast.

(c)How does water reach the leaves for synthesising food ?

(d)What are insectivorous plants and what is their mode of nutrition ?

(e)Why is nitrogen important to all living organisms ?

(f)What are the functions of stomata ?

(g)How do saprophytes help in cleaning the environment ?

(h)What are plant nutrients ? How are they replenished in the soil ?

Answer 1

Answer: ⤵️

1. Question: What are the raw materials used in photosynthesis?

Answer: The raw materials of photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide, enter the cells of the leaf, and the products of photosynthesis, sugar and oxygen, leave the leaf.

2. Question: Write a difference between chlorophyll and chloroplast?

Answer:

1. Chlorophyll is a light-absorbing plant molecule while chloroplasts are plant organelles.
2. Chlorophyll enables the green pigment in plants while chloroplasts are coloured green because of the chlorophyll.

3. Question: How does water reach the leaves for synthesising food?

Answer: The plant obtains water from the soil, the water molecules then go into the root cells through the vascular tissues in the stem and then it goes to the leaves.

4. Question: What are insectivorous plants and what is their mode of nutrition?

Answer: The insectivorous mode of nutrition is observed in plants like pitcher plant and the Venus fly trap. They purely depend on other insects and small animals for their nutrition.

5. Question: Why is nitrogen important to all living organisms?

Answer: Nitrogen is a key element in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, which are the most important of all biological molecules and crucial for all living things. DNA carries the genetic information, which means the instructions for how to make up a life form.

6. Question: What are the functions of stomata?

Answer: Stomata have two main functions, namely

1. They allow for gas exchange acting as an entryway for carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing the Oxygen (O2) that we breath.
2. The other main function is regulating water movement through transpiration.

7. Question: How do saprophytes help in cleaning the environment?

Answer: Saprophytes break down the dead and decaying organic matter into simpler substances that can be taken up and recycled by the plants. Thus they play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance.

8. Question: What are plant nutrients ? How are they replenished in the soil?

Answer: Nitrogen compounds (like nitrates). Some of these nitrogen compounds are used by the leguminous plants for their own growth. The remaining nitrogen compounds made by Rhizobium bacteria mix with the soil in the field and enrich it. Thus, the soil in the fields gets enriched with nitrogen compounds in the natural way.

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Answer 2

Answer:

a) the raw material used in photosynthesis are water and carbon dioxide.

b) chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light from the sun converting it into chemical energy but chloroplast is a part where photosynthesis takes place.

c) the synthesis of food in plants occurs in leaves. Therefore, all the raw materials must reach there. Water and minerals are transported to the leaves by the vessels which run like pipes throughout the root, the stem, the branches and the leaves.

d) insectivorous plants means insect-eating, these plants derive most of their nutrition from the insects, that they trap and consume. These plants grow in humid areas, where plenty of sunlight and moisture is found. They are found in the nitrogen deficient soil. That is why they trap and digest insects to absorb nutrients.

e) nitrogen is crucially important component for all life. It is an important part of many cells and processes such as amino acids, proteins and even our DNA. It is also needed to make chlorophyll in plants, which is used in photosynthesis to make their food.

f) stomata have two main functions, namely- they allow for gas exchange acting as an entryway for carbon dioxide and releasing the oxygen that we breath. The other main function is regulating water movement through transpiration.

g) saprophytes break down the dead and decaying organic matter into simpler substances that can be taken up and recycled by the plants. Thus they play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance.

h) plant nutrients are the chemical elements that are essential to the nourishment of plant health. The nutrients are replenished in the soil by plant rotation.

Explanation:

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