answer the questions that follow.
1. The Hum is a generic name for a series of phenomenon involving a persistent and invasive low frequency humming noise not audible to all people. Hums have been reported in various geographical locations. In some cases, a source has been located. A well – known case was reported in Taos, New Mexico, and thus the Hum is sometimes called the Taos Hum. Hums have been reported all over the world, especially in Europe. A Hum on the Big Island of Hawaii, typically related to volcanic action, is heard in locations dozens of kilometres apart. The local Hawaiians also say the Hum is most often heard by men. Typically, the Hum is difficult to detect with microphones, and its source is hard to localize.
2. The Hum is sometimes prefixed with the name of a locality where the phenomenon has been particularly publicized: for example, the ‘Bristol Hum’ or the ‘Taos Hum’.
3. The essential element that defines the Hum is what is perceived as a persistent low – frequency sound, often described as being comparable to that of a distant diesel engine idling, or to some similar low pitched sound for which obvious sources (for example, household appliances, traffic noise, etc.) have been ruled out.
4. Some people hear the Hum continuously, but others hear it only during certain periods. For some people, the perceived Hum can represent a faint sound and a mild annoyance while for others who notice the Hum’s sound or its vibrations more intensely, it can be a nuisance that can seriously interfere with daily activities. Common consequences include lack of sleep. Such cases have given rise to the expression ‘Hum sufferers’.
5. It is during the 1990s that the Hum phenomenon began to be reported in North America and to be known to the American public, when a study by the University of New Mexico and the complaints from many citizens living near the town of Taos, New Mexico, caught the attention of the media. However, in , the 1970s and 1980s, a similar phenomenon had been the object of complaints from citizens, of media reports and of studies, mostly in the United Kingdom, and also in other countries such as New Zealand. The Taos Hum was featured on the television show, Unsolved Mysteries, where a recorded footage of the Hum was aired for the benefit of the viewers. On 15 November 2006, Dr Tom Moir of the University of Massey, New Zealand, made a recording of the Auckland Hum and published it on the University’s website. The captured Hum’s power spectral density peaks at a frequency of 56 Hertz.
6. It is difficult to tell if the Hum reported in those earlier cases and the Hum that began to be increasingly reported in North America in the 1990s should be considered identical or of different natures. During the last decade, the Hum phenomenon has been reported in many other cities and regions in North America and Europe and in some other regions of the world.
7. In the case of Kokomo, Indiana, a city with heavy industries, the source of the Hum was thought to have been traced to two sources. The first was a pair of fans in a cooling tower at the local Daimler Chrysler casting plant emitting a 36 Hertz tone. The second was an air compressor intake at the Haynes International plant emitting a 10 Hertz tone.
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