Answer these questions in brief
1 Define an earthquake.
2. Explain how an earthquake occurs.
3. Name the major earthquake belts of the Earth. Where are they located?
4. What are the three types of plate tectonics?
5. Where are the most active volcanoes of the world located?
6. Which instrument is used to record the tremors of an earthquake?
Answer these questions in detail
1. Describe the structure of a volcano with the help of a diagram.
2. How are volcanoes distributed on the Earth?
3. Explain the three types of plate movements. Illustrate your answer with
suitable diagrams,
4. Classify volcanoes on the basis of frequency of eruption. Give suitable examples
5. Differentiate between folding and faulting.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Answer in brief
1.violent movement of the earth’s surface.
2.Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault.
3.The two major seismic belts are the Circum-Pacific Belt, which surrounds the Pacific Ocean, and the Alpide Belt, which stretches from the Azores through the Mediterranean and Middle East to the Himalayas and Indonesia, where it joins the Circum-Pacific Belt.
4. divergent plate boundary.
convergent plate boundary,
Transform plate boundaries
5.Kilauea volcano on Hawaii is the world's most active volcano, followed by Etna in Italy and Piton de la Fournaise on La Réunion island.
6.A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes.
Answer in detail.
1.The following are the structural features of a volcano: Vent: It is an opening from which hot magma flow out to the surface of the Earth. ... Magma: It is the hot molten fluid, which comes out to the surface during a volcanic eruption. Lava: When molten magma reaches the surface of the Earth, it is known as lava.
2.Volcanoes are not randomly distributed over the Earth's surface. Most are concentrated on the edges of continents, along island chains, or beneath the sea forming long mountain ranges. ... Major tectonic plates of the Earth. Only a few of the Earth's active volcanoes are shown.
3.The plate movements are classified into three types:
(i) Some plates come towards each other and form convergent boundaries.
(ii) Some plates move away from each other and form divergent boundary.
(iii) At times, they may also move horizontally past each other and form transform boundary.
When two plates come together, they are known as convergent plates. They are also known as constructive plates. When two plates move far away from each other, they are known as divergent plates. When two plates coming towards each other collide or burst pass, they are known as transform plate. The movement of plates causes volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, formation of mountains, etc.
4.On the basis of frequency of eruption, following are the types of volcano: Extinct-Volcanoes which are no longer in the condition of erruption. Active-The constantly errupting volcanoes. Dormant-Volcanoes which have become inactive from a long time but have a possibility of erruption
5.The difference between folding and faulting is that folding is the pressure of converging plates causing the crust to fold and buckle, resulting in the creation of mountains and hills and faulting is where cracks in the earth's rock are created because of different movement of tectonic plates.