answer this and sure I will mark you brainliest... differentciate between human virus and computer viruses with flow chart..
Answers
Answer:
watch the image
Explanation:
Answer:
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Explanation:
computer virus:
Computer virus live on a computer, biological virus live on a living object (Human, animals, etc)
Computer virus are made out of code, and is not self aware. Biological virus are made out of cells, and technically, IS SELF AWARE.
Computer virus travel by network connection. Biological virus travel by many ways.
Your question have no relation at all, except for the word virus
Human virus:
There are 219 virus species that are known to be able to infect humans. The first of these to be discovered was yellow fever virus in 1901, and three to four new species are still being found every year. Extrapolation of the discovery curve suggests that there is still a substantial pool of undiscovered human virus species, although an apparent slow-down in the rate of discovery of species from different families may indicate bounds to the potential range of diversity. More than two-thirds of human viruses can also infect non-human hosts, mainly mammals, and sometimes birds. Many specialist human viruses also have mammalian or avian origins. Indeed, a substantial proportion of mammalian viruses may be capable of crossing the species barrier into humans, although only around half of these are capable of being transmitted by humans and around half again of transmitting well enough to cause major outbreaks. A few possible predictors of species jumps can be identified, including the use of phylogenetically conserved cell receptors. It seems almost inevitable that new human viruses will continue to emerge, mainly from other mammals and birds, for the foreseeable future. For this reason, an effective global surveillance system for novel viruses is needed.
Keywords: discovery curves, emerging infectious diseases, public health, risk factors, surveillance
1. INTRODUCTION
Following on from the discovery of tobacco mosaic virus in 1892 and foot-and-mouth disease virus in 1898, the first ‘filterable agent’ to be discovered in humans was yellow fever virus in 1901 [1]. New species of human virus are still being identified, at a rate of three or four per year (see below), and viruses make up over two-thirds of all new human pathogens [2], a highly significant over-representation given that most human pathogen species are bacteria, fungi or helminths. These new viruses differ wildly in their importance, ranging from the rare and mild illness due to Menangle virus to the devastating public health impact of HIV-1.
In this paper, we take an ecological approach to studying the diversity of human viruses (defined as viruses for which there is evidence of natural infection of humans). First, we describe and analyse temporal, geographical and taxonomic patterns in the discovery of human viruses (§2). We then consider the processes by which new human viruses emerge (§3). There are a number of definitions of ‘emergence’ [3]; here, we are interested in all stages of the process by which a virus shifts from not infecting humans at all to becoming a major human pathogen. As experiences with HIV-1 and new variants of influenza A (and also with novel animal pathogens such as canine parvovirus [4]) show, this shift can occur rapidly, over time scales of decades, years or even months.
Of course, not all newly identified human virus species are ‘new’ in the sense that they have only recently started to infect humans; many of them have been present in humans for a considerable time but have only recently been recognized (see [2] for a more detailed discussion). Moreover, we recognize that ‘species’ itself is an imprecise designation, especially for viruses such as influenza A where different serotypes can have very different epidemiologies and health impacts. Indeed, the demarcation between genus, species complex, species and serotype (or other designations of sub-specific variation) can be somewhat arbitrary. Nonetheless, a study of currently recognized ‘species’ is a natural starting point for attempts to characterize and interpret patterns of virus diversity.