Question

Answer THIS question Very fast........

Answer 1

a) 1. Contour Plowing – Originating in ancient Phoenicia, Contour Plowing involves plowing grooves into the desired farmland, then planting the crop furrows in the grooves and following the contours. It a very effective way for farmland on slopes to prevent run off improve crop yields.

2. Terrace Farming – Terracing is a method of carving multiple, flat leveled areas into hills. Steps are formed by the terraces which are surrounded by a mud wall to prevent run off and hold the soil nutrients in the beds. More commonly found in lesser developed nations due to the difficulty of using mechanized farming equipment in the terraces. Very popular in Asia for planting rice.

3. Keyline Design – A more enhanced version of Contour Plowing, maximum water retention is achieved by taking into account all the watershed properties when making the contour lines. The Keyline refers to topographic feature linked to water flow. This allows the water run off to run directly into an existing water channel, and prevent soil erosion caused by the water

b) Soil erosion is the wearing away of topsoil. It is caused by factors such as water, wind and tillage of farm fields. ... One of the best ways to prevent soil erosion is to increase vegetation, which locks in the soil particles and breaks up damaging winds.

c)Erosion of topsoil, loss of organic matter and irrigation water salinisation are the major soil conservation issues in Greek agriculture. Cross-compliance measures applied under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) form the backbone of the soil conservation policy in Greece. CAP reforms and especially the transition to decoupled farm payments, instability in world agricultural commodity prices and contradicting agricultural policy signals are the major causes of changing farming practices. The incapability of institutional structures to follow the observed changes is attributed to the lack of appropriate infrastructure and low levels of human capital in quantitative and qualitative terms in the region. Soil conservation efforts are strongly influenced by a piecemeal policy framework and institutional rigidities. The present work uses case studies presenting failures and success in applying soil conservation policy in Greece Institutional capacity, building is necessary to support the implementation of conservation policy at local and regional level .

d)Rainwater harvesting essentially means collecting rainwater on the roofs of building and storing it underground for later use.
Not only does this recharging arrest groundwater depletion, it also raises the declining water table and can help augment water supply.
Rainwater harvesting and artificial recharging are becoming very important issues. It is essential to stop the decline in groundwater levels, arrest sea-water ingress, it prevent sea-water from moving landward, and conserve surface water run-off during the rainy season. 
Some of the benefits of rainwater harvesting are as follows

 Increases water availability 
Checks the declining water table
Is environmentally friendly.
Improves the quality of groundwater through the dilution   of fluoride, nitrate, and salinity. 
Prevents soil erosion and flooding especially in urban areas