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Decentralization can be defined as transfer or dispersal of decision making powers, accompanied by delegation of required authority to individuals or units at all levels of organization even if they are located far away from the power centre.
Decentralization signifies the devolution of powers and authority of governance of the Union Government and State Governments to the sub-state level organizations i.e. Panchayats in India.
Decentralization is also called third tier of the government.
The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing however varies from state to state. Rural Local Government is popularly known as the Panchayati Raj. It consists of Zilla Parishad, Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayats.
There is a gram panchayat in each village or group of villages. It is a council of several ward members called panch and a president called Sarpanch. It works under the overall supervision of Gram Sabha.
A few gram panchayats are grouped together to form a Panchayat Samiti also known as a Block or Mandal. The members of this body are elected by all the members of the Panchayats in that area. All the Panchayat Samitis or Mandals in a district constitute a body of elected members to form the Zilla Parishad. The political head of Zilla Parishad is called the Chairperson.
Urban Local Government or Nagar Palika comprises the Municipalities or Municipal Committees in towns and Municipal Corporations in big cities. The political head of Municipal committees is the Municipal Chairperson and the chairperson of Municipal Corporation is called a Mayor.
Hope it helps
Decentralization signifies the devolution of powers and authority of governance of the Union Government and State Governments to the sub-state level organizations i.e. Panchayats in India.
Decentralization is also called third tier of the government.
The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing however varies from state to state. Rural Local Government is popularly known as the Panchayati Raj. It consists of Zilla Parishad, Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayats.
There is a gram panchayat in each village or group of villages. It is a council of several ward members called panch and a president called Sarpanch. It works under the overall supervision of Gram Sabha.
A few gram panchayats are grouped together to form a Panchayat Samiti also known as a Block or Mandal. The members of this body are elected by all the members of the Panchayats in that area. All the Panchayat Samitis or Mandals in a district constitute a body of elected members to form the Zilla Parishad. The political head of Zilla Parishad is called the Chairperson.
Urban Local Government or Nagar Palika comprises the Municipalities or Municipal Committees in towns and Municipal Corporations in big cities. The political head of Municipal committees is the Municipal Chairperson and the chairperson of Municipal Corporation is called a Mayor.
Hope it helps
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