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Design an experiment to check the amount of aspirin formed when 5g of salicylic acid reacts with 18g of Ethanoic anhydride.
Hypothesis:
(In this you need to predict how much of aspirin will be formed from the given mass of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. You need to provide calculation (using the concept of limiting reagent) to arrive at the mass of aspirin that will be formed)
Materials Required:
Procedure:
Answers
Explanation:Procedure
Part 1: Preparation of Aspirin
1. Weigh out about 1 gram of salicylic acid on a piece of weighing paper. To do this,
first weigh a piece of weighing paper. Place some salicylic acid on the weighing
paper and weigh again. Add or remove solid until you have about 1 gram of it on
the paper. Record the mass of the weighing paper plus the solid. Subtract to
determine the mass of the salicylic acid. Place this solid into a 50-mL Erlenmeyer
flask.
2. In the hood, measure out 3.0 mL of acetic anhydride in a small graduated
cylinder and add it to the flask. From this point on, keep your flask under the
hood, because it now contains acetic anhydride (the vapors of acetic anhydride are
very irritating).
3. Add 3 drops of concentrated (85%) phosphoric acid. This will be the catalyst for
the reaction. Add a magnetic stirring bar to the flask.
4. In the hood, set up a ring stand and set a hot plate/magnetic stirrer on the base of
the ring stand. Put some water in a glass crystallization dish and set this on the hot
plate – this will be your hot water bath. Put your reaction flask in the water bath,
and secure it in place with a utility clamp attached to the ring stand. (See the
picture below.)
Reaction mixture setup
5. Start heating the reaction, and turn on the magnetic stirrer. Once the water bath
starts boiling, start timing the reaction. When the mixture has been allowed to
react at 100°C (the temperature of boiling water) for 15 minutes, you can consider
the reaction to be complete. During the heating time, put 3 mL of water in each of
two test tubes and chill these two test tubes in an ice bath. (These tubes of cold
water will be used to rinse the solid aspirin after you collect it on the filter paper.)
6. After the reaction has gone on for 15 minutes at 100°C, add 1 mL of deionized
water to the flask. This water will react with any excess acetic anhydride,
converting it to acetic acid. Keep the mixture under the hood for a few more
minutes – some of the acetic acid that is produced at this step will vaporize, and
the vapor is irritating.
7. Turn off the hot plate and carefully remove the reaction flask from the water bath.
At this point, the flask no longer needs to be under the hood, since the acetic
anhydride is now gone. Add 9-10 mL of deionized water to the flask and swirl it
around to mix it. As the flask cools, crystals of aspirin will start to form. When
you see crystals, put the flask in an ice bath for 10 minutes. (Aspirin, like many
other substances, is more soluble in hot water than in cold water. Therefore, to
maximize the amount of crystals, it is best to cool the mixture as much as
possible.) If no crystals appear, gently scratch the inside of the flask with a
stirring rod. continuation of this will be given in the chat
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Answer:
The required answer is shown below:
Explanation:
1. On some weighing paper, weigh out around 1 gramme of salicylic acid. For this, weigh a piece of weighing paper initially. Apply some salicylic acid to the scale. paper and reweigh. Up until you get roughly 1 gramme of solid on, add or remove the document Note the combined mass of the solid and the weighing paper.
To subtract Calculate the salicylic acid's mass. This solid should be put into a 50-mL Erlenmeyer flask.
2. In the hood, use a small graduated container to measure 3.0 mL of acetic anhydride and put the cylinder in the flask. Keep your flask behind the table going forward. hood due to the presence of acetic anhydride in it (acetic anhydride vapours are really annoying).
3. Include 3 drops of pure phosphoric acid (85%). This will serve as the impetus for the response. The flask should now have a magnetic stirring bar.
4. Position a ring stand in the hood and place a hot plate/magnetic stirrer on the bottom of the stand. the ring support. Set a glass crystallisation dish on the hotplate with some water in it.
Your hot water bath will be on this plate. the water bath with your reaction flask in it affixes a utility clamp to the ring stand, then hold it in place.
Setup of a reaction mixture
5. Turn on the magnetic stirrer and begin heating the reaction. after the dip in the water begin timing the reaction after it begins to boil. once the mixture has been given time to 15 minutes of reaction at 100°C (boiling water temperature) is something you might want to think about the completion of the response. Put 3 mL of water in each container during the heating period. Two test tubes should be used, and they should be chilled in an ice bath. After gathering the solid aspirin on the filter paper, rinse it with water.)
6. Add 1 mL of deionized water after the reaction has been running for 15 minutes at 100°C. adding water to the flask If there is any surplus acetic anhydride, this water will react. creating acetic acid from it. For a few more minutes, keep the mixture within the hood. the portion of the acetic acid created at this process will vaporise in a matter of minutes, and Itchy vapour is present.
7. After removing the reaction flask from the water bath, turn off the hot plate. The flask does not need to be hidden behind the hood at this point because of the acetic Now the anhydride is gone. Swirl in 9–10 mL of deionized water in the flask. about to stir it. Aspirin crystals will start to develop as the flask cools. When Put the flask in an ice bath for 10 minutes if you notice crystals. If there is any surplus acetic anhydride, this water will react. creating acetic acid from it. For a few more minutes, keep the mixture within the hood.a portion of the acetic acid created at this process will vaporise in a matter of minutes, and Itchy vapour is present.
7. After removing the reaction flask from the water bath, turn off the hot plate. The flask does not need to be hidden behind the hood at this point because of the acetic Now the anhydride is gone. Swirl in 9–10 mL of deionized water in the flask. about to stir it. Aspirin crystals will start to develop as the flask cools. When Put the flask in an ice bath for 10 minutes if you notice crystals.
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