Question

any five changes brought by the British after Revolt of 1857.​

Answer 1

Answer:

• The British Parliament passed a new Act in 1858 and transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British crown.
• It was decided that the proportion of Indian soldiers in the army would be reduced and the number of European soldiers would be increased.
• The British decided to respect the customary religious and social practices of the people in India.
• Policies were made to protect landlords and zamindars and give them security of rights over their lands.
• The Indian rulers were to hold their kingdoms as subordinates of the British Crown.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The EIC rule was abolished completely in 1858 with the implementation of Government of India Act 1858 & the Crown assumed the direct responsibility of administration of Indian Colony.

Viceroy- The position of Viceroy was Introduced replacing the position of Governor-General of India.

Secretary of State for India was appointed.

Change in policy with respect to Indian Princely states-

The British policy of annexation adopted by Dalhousie was explicitly given up & the princely states were assured of no further annexation as long as they recognized their subordination to the British crown.

Change in policy with respect to Army- The British tightened their grip on the Army by-

Increasing intake of European officers. The Europeanization of army. Increasing intake of British soldiers from 1:3 to 2:3.

Separate regiments were raised along Cast & Regional identity lines. The aim was to prevent the emergence of a wider nationalism & keep soldiers tied to their regional loyalties. This would enable soldiers from Sikh or Jat or Maratha or Rajput regiments to be used for crushing rebellions like Awadh & vice-versa.

A diversion in recruitment away from Awadh, more so towards the Sikhs & Jaats of Punjab region & Gorkhas from Gorkha regions in & near Nepal was done. This was justified on the basis of Ideas of Martial Races. Soldiers from some regions were considered more “loyal”,’’ brave’’ & thus worthy of being recruited in the British Army.

However, the underlying concerns of sepoys related to pay, promotion & mistreatment largely remained unaddressed.

Changes in policy towards social reforms- As the British aimed to decrease the opposition from religious leaders to their rule & thus assured them by giving away/up any pretence of introducing progressive reforms 1858 onwards.