Any new innovative idea for innovation challenge 2020
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Answer:
In line with the vision of the Hon'ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, Entrepreneurs are the base of social change that India aspires for and their efforts will lay the foundation for a New India, fill in the gaps in solutions required by the people and help build the base for constructing the economic structure of a powerful India.
It's the endeavour of the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to enable MSMEs to put on their thinking caps and create innovative solutions while looking out for local solutions to the local problems, that could be the generation leap India needs, to transform its social, cultural and economic ecosystem into a world leader.
Ideas for New India are being invited from Innovators, Start- Ups, Technocrats, Students, and MSMEs from all over India under the scheme of the Office of Development Commissioner – MSME, for 'Support for Entrepreneurial and Managerial Development of MSMEs through Incubators'.
The Incubators / Host Institutions (HI) approved for the scheme will be supported by the Office of DC-MSME. Incubatees selected ideas will be provided funding support upto Rs. 15 lakhs per approved idea, through the business Incubators chosen by them.
Ideas received as fully completed applications till 20th February 2020, will be considered for Incubation support under the scheme. For scheme guidelines please click here
Registrations for whom
Innovators, Start- Ups, Technocrats, Students, MSMEs and any other person who has innovative business ideas.
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An electrochemical cell which causes external electric current flow can be created using any two different metals since metals differ in their tendency to lose electrons. Zinc more readily loses electrons than copper, so placing zinc and copper metal in solutions of their salts can cause electrons to flow through an external wire which leads from the zinc to the copper.
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As a zinc atom provides the electrons, it becomes a positive ion and goes into aqueous solution, decreasing the mass of the zinc electrode. On the copper side, the two electrons received allow it to convert a copper ion from solution into an uncharged copper atom which deposits on the copper electrode, increasing its mass. The two reactions are typically written
Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2e-
Cu2+(aq) + 2e- -> Cu(s)
The letters in parentheses are just reminders that the zinc goes from a solid (s) into a water solution (aq) and vice versa for the copper. It is typical in the language of electrochemistry to refer to these two processes as "half-reactions" which occur at the two electrodes.
Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2e-
The zinc "half-reaction" is classified as oxidation since it loses electrons. The terminal at which oxidation occurs is called the "anode". For a battery, this is the negative terminal.
The copper "half-reaction" is classified as reduction since it gains electrons. The terminal at which reduction occurs is called the "cathode". For a battery, this is the positive terminal.
Cu2+(aq) + 2e- -> Cu(s)
In order for the voltaic cell to continue to produce an external electric current, there must be a movement of the sulfate ions in solution from the right to the left to balance the electron flow in the external circuit. The metal ions themselves must be prevented from moving between the electrodes, so some kind of porous membrane or other mechanism must provide for the selective movement of the negative ions in the electrolyte from the right to the left.
Energy is required to force the electrons to move from the zinc to the copper electrode, and the amount of energy per unit charge available from the voltaic cell is called the electromotive force (emf) of the cell. Energy per unit charge is expressed in volts (1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb).
Clearly, to get energy from the cell, you must get more energy released from the oxidation of the zinc than it takes to reduce the copper. The cell can yield a finite amount of energy from this process, the process being limited by the amount of material available either in the electrolyte or in the metal electrodes. For example, if there were one mole of the sulfate ions SO42- on the copper side, then the process is limited to transferring two moles of electrons through the external circuit. The amount of electric charge contained in a mole of electrons is called the Faraday constant, and is equal to Avogadro's number times the electron charge:
Faraday constant = F = NAe = 6.022 x 1023 x 1.602 x 10-19 = 96,485 Coulombs/mole
The energy yield from a voltaic cell is given by the cell voltage times the number of moles of electrons transferred times the Faraday constant.
Electrical energy output = nFEcell
The cell emf Ecell may be predicted from the standard electrode potentials for the two metals. For the zinc/copper cell under the standard conditions, the calculated cell potential is 1.1 volts.
