Question

anyone give me the notes of diversity class 9 case

Answer 1

diversity or biological diversitymeans the variety of living organisms present on a particular region. There are about 20 lac organisms known on the Earth which differ from one another in external form, internal structure, mode ofnutrition, habitat, etc.The warm and humid tropical regions of the Earth between the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn have a rich diversity of life, i.e. plants, animals, and microorganisms and are calledthe region of mega biodiversity.India is one of the 12 countries which consist of more than half of the biodiversity of the Earth.Taxonomy-It is a branch of biology which deals with identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms. Carolus Linnaeus is called the father of taxonomy.ClassificationThe method of arranging organisms into groups or sets on the basis of similarities and differences is called classification.Importance of classification:*.It makes the study of wide variety of organisms easy and in systematic manner.*.It helps to understand how the different organisms have evolved with time.*.It helps to understand the inter-relationships among different groups of organisms.*.It forms a base for the study of otherbiological sciences, like biogeography.Basis of classification:There are the certain features or properties used for the classification of living organisms which are known ascharacteristics. Organisms with same characteristics are placed in same groups.Classification system1. Two kingdom classifications:Carolus Linnaeus in 1758 classified the living organisms into two groups as plants andanimals.2. Five kingdom classification:H. Whittaker in 1959 further classified the organisms into five kingdoms as Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and kingdom Animalia.Note -Carl Woese in 1977 further dividedkingdom Monera into archaebacteria (or Archae) and Eubacteria (or Bacteria).Hierarchy of classificationLinnaeus proposed a classification system by arranging organisms into taxonomic groups at different levels according to the characteristics they have. The groups or the levels from top to bottom are:1.Kingdom2.Phylum(Animals) / Division(Plants)3.Class4.Order5.Family6.Genius7.SpeciesSpecies: A species is a group of living beings which can reproduce among themselves and keep their population alive.Hierarchical naming of HumanThe Five kingdom classificationThe major characteristics considered for classifying all organisms into five major kingdoms are:1. Type of cellular organization - a) Prokaryotic cells: These are primitive and incomplete cells without well – defined nucleus.b) Eukaryotic cells: These are advanced and complete cells with well – defined nucleus.2. Body organization -a) Unicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of single cell with all activities performed by the single cell.b) Multicellular organisms: These are organisms made up of large number of cells with different functions performed by different cells.3. Mode of obtaining food -a) Autotrophs: These are the organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis.b) Heterotrophs: These are the organisms which depend on other organisms for food.Nomenclature-An organism can havedifferent names in different languages. This creates confusion in naming organism. So, a scientific name is needed which is same in all languages. Binomial nomenclature system given by Carolus Linnaeus is used for naming different organisms.Following are some conventions in writing the scientific names:*.Genus should be written followed bythe species.*.First letter of the genus should be capital and that of the species should be in small letter.*.When printed the name should be written in italics and when written with hands genus and species should be underlined separately.Example –Homo sapiensfor humans,Panthera tigrisfor tiger.

Answer 2

Hello! dear,

The following pdf may gives you the full answer about your question.

d828fdc9a86d99072c2b8f1751e0b2df.pdf