Question

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D. LONG-ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer these questions.
1. Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs, giving two examples of each.
2. How will you test a leaf for starch? Mention any precautions you will take.
3. How do plants get nitrogen to synthesize proteins?
4. All animals—whether herbivores, carnivores or omnivores-depend on plants for their food.
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Answer 1

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Answer 2

Explanation:

1) Autotroph vs. Heterotroph. Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food from the substances available in their surroundings using light (photosynthesis) or chemical energy (chemosynthesis). Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms — both plants and animals — for nutrition.

2) Step 1: A fresh leaf is taken. Step 2: The leaf is boiled in water for few minutes to soften the cells in the leaf.

Step 2: The leaf is boiled in water for few minutes to soften the cells in the leaf. Step 3: Now, dip this leaf in iodine solution.

Step 2: The leaf is boiled in water for few minutes to soften the cells in the leaf. Step 3: Now, dip this leaf in iodine solution.Step 4: The color of the leaf will changes into blue black color when iodine is added to it which shows the presence of starch in it.

3) Soil has certain bacteria that can convert gaseous nitrogen into a soluble form and release it into the soil. These soluble forms are absorbed by the plant along with water. ... These nutrients are absorbed by the plants to make proteins.

4) All animals whether herbivores, carnivores or omnivores can not make their own food; hence, they depend on the plants for their food. Herbivores feed on plants to obtain nutrition. Again, the carnivores eat herbivores to obtain nutrition. Thus, carnivores indirectly depend on plants for their food.

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